Product Pathways - Cell Cycle / Checkpoint

Phospho-p53 (Ser20) Blocking Peptide #1080

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Description

This peptide is used to block Phospho-p53 (Ser20) Antibody #9287 reactivity.

Quality Control

The quality of the peptide was evaluated by reversed-phase HPLC and by mass spectrometry. The peptide blocks Phospho-p53 (Ser20) Antibody #9287 signal in Western blotting.

Applications

Use as a blocking reagent to evaluate the specificity of antibody reactivity in Western blot protocols.

Directions for Use

Recommended antibody dilutions can be found on the relevant product data sheet. For Western immunoblotting, add 10 µl of antibody and 10 µl of blocking peptide to 10 ml of antibody dilution buffer, and incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes before allowing to react with the blot.

Background

The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a major role in cellular response to DNA damage and other genomic aberrations. Activation of p53 can lead to either cell cycle arrest and DNA repair or apoptosis (1). p53 is phosphorylated at multiple sites in vivo and by several different protein kinases in vitro (2,3). DNA damage induces phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and Ser20 and leads to a reduced interaction between p53 and its negative regulator, the oncoprotein MDM2 (4). MDM2 inhibits p53 accumulation by targeting it for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (6,7). p53 can be phosphorylated by ATM, ATR and DNA-PK at Ser15 and Ser37. Phosphorylation impairs the ability of MDM2 to bind p53, promoting both the accumulation and activation of p53 in response to DNA damage (4,5). Chk2 and Chk1 can phosphorylate p53 at Ser20, enhancing its tetramerization, stability and activity (8,9). p53 is phosphorylated at Ser392 in vivo (11,12) and by CAK in vitro (12). Phosphorylation of p53 at Ser392 is increased in human tumors (14) and has been reported to influence the growth suppressor function, DNA binding and transcriptional activation of p53 (10,11,13). p53 is phosphorylated at Ser6 and Ser9 by CK1δ and CK1ε both in vitro and in vivo (10,15). Phosphorylation of p53 at Ser46 regulates the ability of p53 to induce apoptosis (16). Acetylation of p53 is mediated by p300 and CBP acetyltransferases. Inhibition of deacetylation suppressing MDM2 from recruiting HDAC1 complex by p19 (ARF) stabilizes p53. Acetylation appears to play a positive role in the accumulation of p53 protein in stress response (17). Following DNA damage, human p53 becomes acetylated at Lys382 (Lys379 in mouse) in vivo to enhance p53-DNA binding (18). Deacetylation of p53 occurs through interaction with the SIRT1 protein, a deacetylase that may be involved in cellular aging and the DNA damage response (19).

1. Levine, A.J. (1997) Cell 88, 323-331.
2. Meek, D.W. (1994) Semin. Cancer Biol. 5, 203-210.
3. Milczarek, G.J. et al. (1997) Life Sci. 60, 1-11.
4. Shieh, S.Y. et al. (1997) Cell 91, 325-334.
5. Tibbetts, R.S. et al. (1999) Genes Dev. 13, 152-157.
6. Chehab, N.H. et al. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 13777-13782.
7. Honda, R. et al. (1997) FEBS Lett. 420, 25-27.
8. Shieh, S.Y. et al. (1999) EMBO J. 18, 1815-1823.
9. Hirao, A. et al. (2000) Science 287, 1824-1827.
10. Kohn, K.W. (1999) Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 2703-2734.
11. Hao, M. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 29380-29385.
12. Lu, H. et al. (1997) Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 5923-5934.
13. Lohrum, M. and Scheidtmann, K.H. (1996) Oncogene 13, 2527-2539.
14. Ulrich, S.J. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5954-5958.
15. Knippschild, U. et al. (1997) Oncogene 15, 1727-1736.
16. Oda, K. et al. (2000) Cell 102, 849-862.
17. Ito, A. et al. (2001) EMBO J. 20, 1331-1340.
18. Sakaguchi, K. et al. (1998) Genes Dev. 12, 2831-2841.
19. Solomon, J.M. et al. (2006) Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 28-38.

Application References

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Companion Products

• 9287 Phospho-p53 (Ser20) Antibody

This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.