Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Translational Control

Grp94 Antibody #2104

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Source
W H M R Mk Endogenous 100 Rabbit

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

Grp94 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Grp94 protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the sequence surrounding Met622 of human Grp94 . Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell types using Grp94 Antibody.

Background

Secretory proteins are synthesized on polysomes and translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inside ER, these proteins are often modified by disulfide bond formation, amino-linked glycosylation and folding. The ER contains a pool of molecular chaperones, including Grp94, to help proteins fold properly. Grp94 is a glucose-regulated protein (1) with sequence homology to Hsp90 (2). In addition to its role to help some secretory proteins fold to their correct conformation (3), studies suggest that Grp94 derived from cancer cells also induces anti-tumor immune responses in mouse tumor models (4, 5). One reason for this tumor immunogenicity is that Grp94 binds to the peptides from proteins in cancer cells and can therefore present these peptides as tumor antigens (6). Furthermore, Grp94 has also been shown to induce maturation of dendritic cells (7). Taken together, Grp94 functions both as a tumor-specific antigen and as an activator of antigen-presenting cells to elicit immunity to cancers (8).

  1. Lee, A.S. et al. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 4922-4925.
  2. Sorger, P.K. and Pelham, H.R. (1987) J. Mol. Biol. 194, 341-344.
  3. Argon, Y. and Simen, B.B. (1999) Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 10, 495-505.
  4. Blachere, N.E. et al. (1997) J. Exp. Med. 186, 1315-1322.
  5. Tamura, Y. et al. (1997) Science 278, 117-120.
  6. Schild, H. and Rammensee, H.G. (2000) Nat. Immunol. 1, 100-101.
  7. Singh-Jasuja, H. et al. (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. 30, 2211-2215.
  8. Nicchitta, C.V. et al. (2004) Cell Stress Chaperones 9, 325-331.

Application References

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Companion Products

This product is intended for research purposes only. The product is not intended to be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in humans or animals.

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