Product Pathways - Akt Signaling
FoxO4 (55D4) Rabbit mAb #2499
| Applications | Reactivity | Sensitivity | MW (kDa) | Source | Isotype |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W IP | H | Endogenous | 65 | Rabbit | IgG |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
IP=Immunoprecipitation
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology. Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Specificity / Sensitivity
The FoxO4 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total FoxO4 protein. The antibody also cross-reacts with an unidentified protein at 95 kDa.
Source / Purification
Rabbit monoclonal antibodies were prepared from spleens of rabbits immunized with a synthetic peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues surrounding Ser70 of human FoxO4.
Western Blotting
Western blot analysis of extracts from Jurkat and U937 cells using Fox04 Antibody.
Background
The Forkhead family of transcription factors is involved in tumorigenesis of rhabdomyosarcoma and acute leukemias (1-3). Within the family, three members (FoxO1, FoxO4 and FoxO3a) have sequence similarity to the nematode orthologue DAF-16, which mediates signaling via a pathway involving IGFR1, PI3K and Akt (4-6). Active forkhead members act as tumor suppressors by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Increased expression of any FoxO member results in the activation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1. Forkhead transcription factors also play a part in TGF-β-mediated upregulation of p21CIP1, a process negatively regulated through PI3K (7). Increased proliferation results when forkhead transcription factors are inactivated through phosphorylation by Akt at Thr24, Ser256 and Ser319, which results in nuclear export and inhibition of transcription factor activity (8). Forkhead transcription factors can also be inhibited by the deacetylase sirtuin (SirT1) (9).
- Anderson, M.J. et al. (1998) Genomics 47, 187-199.
- Galili, N. et al. (1993) Nat. Genet. 5, 230-235.
- Borkhardt, A. et al. (1997) Oncogene 14, 195-202.
- Nakae, J. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 15982-15985.
- Rena, G. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 17179-17183.
- Guo, S. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 17184-17192.
- Seoane, J. et al. (2004) Cell 117, 211-223.
- Arden, K.C. (2004) Mol. Cell 14, 416-418.
- Yang, Y. et al. (2005) EMBO J. 24, 1021-1032.
Application References
Have you published research involving the use of our products? If so we'd love to hear about it. Please let us know!
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This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.
