Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Wnt / Hedgehog / Notch

TCF4 (C9B9) Rabbit mAb #2565

Applications Reactivity MW (kDa) Source Isotype
W IP IF-IC H (M) (R) 58, 79 Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation  IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat
Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology. Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.

Specificity / Sensitivity

TCF4 (C9B9) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total TCF4 protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues surrounding Glu81 of human TCF4.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of total cell lysates from HCT116, DLD1 and HepG2 cells using TCF4 (C9B9) Rabbit mAb.

IF-IC

IF-IC

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HCT-116 cells (left) or SHSY-5Y cells (right) using TCF4 (C9B9) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red).

Background

LEF1 and TCF are members of the high mobility group (HMG) DNA binding protein family of transcription factors which consists of the following: Lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1), T Cell Factor 1 (TCF1), TCF3 and TCF4 (1). LEF1 and TCF1 were originally identified as important factors regulating early lymphoid development (2) that act downstream in Wnt signaling. LEF1/TCF bind to Wnt response elements to provide a docking site for β-catenin, which translocates to the nucleus to promote the transcription of target genes upon activation of Wnt signaling (3). LEF1/TCF proteins are dynamically expressed during development and aberrant activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is involved in many types of cancers including colon cancer (4,5).

TCF4, also known as TCF7L2, is expressed widely during development. Gene targeting studies indicate that TCF4 is required to maintain the crypt stem cells of the small intestine (6,7). TCF4 has several slicing isoforms which are expressed differentially in tissues and during cancer progression (8,9). Studies also indicate that a variant of the TCF4 gene confers an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (10).

  1. Waterman, M.L. (2004) Cancer Metastasis Rev. 23, 41-52.
  2. Schilham, M.W. and Clevers, H. (1998) Semin. Immunol. 10, 127-132.
  3. Brantjes, H. et al. (2002) Biol. Chem. 383, 255-261.
  4. Reya, T. and Clevers, H. (2005) Nature 434, 843-850.
  5. Logan, C.Y. and Nusse, R. (2004) Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 20, 781-810.
  6. Cho, E.A. and Dressler, G.R. (1998) Mech. Dev. 77, 9-18.
  7. Korinek, V. et al. (1998) Nat. Genet. 19, 379-383.
  8. Howng, S.L. et al. (2004) Int. J. Oncol. 25, 1685-1692.
  9. Shiina, H. et al. (2003) Clin. Cancer Res. 9, 2121-2132.
  10. Grant, S.F. et al. (2006) Nat. Genet. 38, 320-323.

Application References

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