Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - NF-kappaB Signaling

Toll-like Receptor 7 Antibody #2633

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Source
W H M R (Mk) (Dg) Endogenous 140 Rabbit

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey  Dg=Dog
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.

Specificity / Sensitivity

Toll-like Receptor 7 Antibody and detects endogenous levels of total TLR7 protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are prepared by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues near the carboxyl terminus of TLR7. Antibodies are purified by peptide affinity chromatography.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from HeLa cells, mock transfected or transfected with human TLR7, and from Ramos and A20 cell lines using Toll-like Receptor 7 Antibody.

Background

Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-3). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses. Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes. The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the TIR domain. Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains including MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor), MAL/TIRAP (MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein), TRIF (Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon) and TRAM (Toll-receptor-associated molecule). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK. Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB that normally maintains NF-κB inactivity by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.

TLR7, 8 and 9 form a group of structurally related TLR family members that are are localized to intracellular endosomes (4-6). TLR7 shows highest expression in lung, placenta, and spleen (4). TLR7 mediates responses to a class of synthetic compounds-imidazoquinolines, guanosine-based drugs that induce anti-viral responses (7). Naturally, TLR7 responds to ssRNA viruses to activate NF-κB and trigger IFN production (8-10).

  1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8.
  2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
  3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
  4. Chuang, T.H. and Ulevitch, R.J. (2000) Eur Cytokine Netw 11, 372-8.
  5. Du, X. et al. (2000) Eur Cytokine Netw 11, 362-71.
  6. Heil, F. et al. (2003) Eur J Immunol 33, 2987-97.
  7. Hemmi, H. et al. (2002) Nat Immunol 3, 196-200.
  8. Heil, F. et al. (2004) Science 303, 1526-9.
  9. Diebold, S.S. et al. (2004) Science 303, 1529-31.
  10. Lund, J.M. et al. (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101, 5598-603.

Application References

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Companion Products

This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.

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