Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - NF-kappaB Signaling

Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb #3033

Applications Reactivity MW (kDa) Source Isotype
W IP IF-IC F H M R Mk (Dg) 65 Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation  IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)  F=Flow Cytometry
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey  Dg=Dog
Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology. Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.

Specificity / Sensitivity

Phospho-NF-kappaB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb detects NF-κB p65 only when phosphorylated at Ser536. It does not cross-react with the p50 subunit or other related proteins.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic phospho-peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues surrounding Ser536 of human NF-κB p65.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from HeLa and NIH/3T3 cells, untreated or TNF-α treated (#2169, 20 ng/ml for 5 minutes), using Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb (upper) or NF-κB p65 Antibody #3034 (lower).

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1 cells, differentiated with TPA (#9905, 80 nM for 24h) and treated with 1 μg/ml LPS for the indicated times, using Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb (upper) and NF-κB p65 (C22B4) Rabbit mAb #4764 (lower).

Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (blue) or TNF-α-treated (green), using Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb compared to a nonspecific negative control antibody (red).


IF-IC

IF-IC

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (left) and TNF-α treated (#2169 at 20 ng/ml for 20 min, right), using Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® phalloidin 555 (red).

Background

Transcription factors of the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB)/Rel family play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune responses (1,2). There are five family members in mammals: RelA, c-Rel, RelB, NF-κB1 (p105/p50) and NF-κB2 (p100/p52). Both p105 and p100 are proteolytically processed by the proteasome to produce p50 and p52, respectively. Rel proteins bind p50 and p52 to form dimeric complexes that bind DNA and regulate transcription. In unstimulated cells, NF-κB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκB inhibitory proteins (3-5). NF-κB-activating agents can induce the phosphorylation of IκB proteins, targeting them for rapid degradation through an ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and releasing NF-κB to enter the nucleus where it regulates gene expression (6-8). NIK and IKK-α (IKK1) regulate the phosphorylation and processing of NF-κB2 (p100) to produce p52, which is then translocated to the nucleus (9-11).

  1. Baeuerle, P.A. and Henkel, T. (1994) Annu Rev Immunol 12, 141-79.
  2. Baeuerle, P.A. and Baltimore, D. (1996) Cell 87, 13-20.
  3. Haskill, S. et al. (1991) Cell 65, 1281-9.
  4. Thompson, J.E. et al. (1995) Cell 80, 573-82.
  5. Whiteside, S.T. et al. (1997) EMBO J 16, 1413-26.
  6. Traenckner, E.B. et al. (1995) EMBO J 14, 2876-83.
  7. Scherer, D.C. et al. (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 11259-63.
  8. Chen, Z.J. et al. (1996) Cell 84, 853-62.
  9. Senftleben, U. et al. (2001) Science 293, 1495-9.
  10. Coope, H.J. et al. (2002) EMBO J 21, 5375-85.
  11. Xiao, G. et al. (2001) Mol Cell 7, 401-9.

Application References

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Companion Products

Rabbit Monoclonals Produced Using Epitomics® Technology, U.S. Patent No. 5,675,063.

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