Product Pathways - Glucose Metabolism
PKM2 Antibody #3198
| Applications | Reactivity | Sensitivity | MW (kDa) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| W IHC-P IHC-F IF-IC | H M R Mk | Endogenous | 60 | Rabbit |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
IHC-F=Immunohistochemistry (Frozen)
IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
M=Mouse
R=Rat
Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Specificity / Sensitivity
PKM2 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total PKM2 protein.
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide (KLH-coupled) derived from the sequence of human PKM2. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Western Blotting
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using PKM2 Antibody.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using PKM2 Antibody.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using PKM2 Antibody in the presence of control peptide (left), PKM1-specific peptide (middle) or PKM2-specific peptide (right).
IF-IC
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells using PKM2 Antibody (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5™ (fluorescent DNA dye).
Background
Pyruvate kinase, a glycolytic enzyme, catalyses the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. In mammals, the M1 isoform (PKM1) is expressed in most adult tissues (1). The M2 isoform (PKM2), an alternatively-spliced variant of M1, is expressed during embryonic development (1). Studies found that cancer cells exclusively express PKM2 (1, 2, 3). PKM2 is shown to be essential for aerobic glycolysis in tumors (Warburg effect) (1). When the M2 isoform is switched to the M1 isoform, aerobic glycolysis is reduced and oxidative phosphorylation is increased in cancer cells (1). These cells also show decreased tumorigenicity in mouse xenografts (1).
- Christofk, H.R. et al. (2008) Nature 452, 230-3.
- Mazurek, S. et al. (2005) Semin Cancer Biol 15, 300-8.
- Dombrauckas, J.D. et al. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 9417-29.
Application References
Have you published research involving the use of our products? If so we'd love to hear about it. Please let us know!
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This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.
