Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - DNA Damage

Ape1 Antibody #4128

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Source
W IF-F IF-IC H M R (Mk) Endogenous 34 Rabbit

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IF-F=Immunofluorescence (Frozen)  IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

Ape1 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Ape1 protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids surrounding Ala230 of human Ape1. Antibodies are purified by peptide affinity chromatography.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell types using Ape1 Antibody.

IF-F

IF-F

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of normal mouse cerebellum (left) and hippocampus (right) using Ape1 Antibody (green) and Neurofilament-L (DA2) Mouse mAb #2835 (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5® #4084 (fluorescent DNA dye).

Background

Ape1 (Apurinic/Apyrimidic eEndonuclease 1), also known as Ref1 (Redox effector factor 1), is a multifunctional protein with several biological activities. These include roles in DNA repair and in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Ape1 initiates the repair of abasic sites and is essential for the base excision repair (BER) pathway (1). Repair activities of Ape1 are stimulated by interaction with XRCC1 (2), another essential protein in BER. Ape1 functions as a redox factor that maintains transcription factors in an active, reduced state but can also function in a redox-independent manner as a transcriptional cofactor to control different cellular fates such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation (3). Increased expression of Ape1 is associated with many types of cancers including cervical, ovarian, prostate, rhabdomyosarcomas and germ cell tumors (4). Ape1 has been shown to stimulate DNA binding of several transcription factors known to be involved in tumor progression such as Fos, Jun, NF-κB, PAX, HIF-1, HLF and p53 (4). Mutation of the Ape1 gene has also been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (5,6).

  1. Demple, B. and Sung, J.S. (2005) DNA Repair (Amst) 4, 1442-9.
  2. Vidal, A.E. et al. (2001) EMBO J 20, 6530-9.
  3. Tell, G. et al. Antioxid Redox Signal 7, 367-84.
  4. Evans, A.R. et al. (2000) Mutat Res 461, 83-108.
  5. Olkowski, Z.L. (1998) Neuroreport 9, 239-42.
  6. Hayward, C. et al. (1999) Neurology 52, 1899-901.

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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