Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - MAPK Signaling

Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb #4370

Applications Reactivity MW (kDa) Source Isotype
W IP IHC-P IF-IC F H M R Mk Mi Hm B Dr Z 44, 42 kDa Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation  IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)  IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)  F=Flow Cytometry
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey  Mi=Mink  Hm=Hamster  B=Bovine  Dr=Drosophila  Z=Zebra Fish
Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology. Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.

Specificity / Sensitivity

Phospho-p44/42 MAP Kinase (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of p44 and p42 MAP Kinase (Erk1 and Erk2) when dually phosphorylated at Thr202 and Tyr204 of Erk1 (Thr185 and Tyr187 of Erk2), and singly phosphorylated at Thr202. This antibody does not cross-react with the corresponding phosphorylated residues of either JNK/SAPK or p38 MAP kinases.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic phosphopeptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues surrounding Thr202/Tyr204 of human p44 MAP kinase.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from 293, NIH/3T3 and C6 cells, treated with λ phosphatase or TPA as indicated, using Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb (upper), or p44/42 MAP Kinase (137F5) Rabbit mAb #4695 (lower).

IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis using Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb on SignalSlide (TM) Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) IHC Controls #8103 (paraffin-embedded NIH/3T3 cells, untreated (left) or PMA-treated (right)).

IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb.


IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma, untreated (left) or λ phosphatase-treated (right), using Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb.

Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

Flow cytometric analysis of Jurkat cells, U0126-treated (blue) or PMA-treated (green), using Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb.

IF-IC

IF-IC

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of C2C12 cells, U0126-treated (left, #9903 10 μM for 1 h) or TPA-treated (right, #9905 200 nM for 15 min), using Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5™ (fluorescent DNA dye).


Background

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a widely conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in many cellular programs such as cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and death. The p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) signaling pathway can be activated in response to a diverse range of extracellular stimuli including mitogens, growth factors, and cytokines (1-3) and is an important target in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer (4). Upon stimulation, a sequential three-part protein kinase cascade is initiated, consisting of a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), and a MAP kinase. While multiple ERK1/2 MAP3Ks have been identified, including the Raf family, Mos, and Tpl2/Cot, MEK1 and MEK2 are the primary MAPKKs in this pathway (5,6). MEK1 and MEK2 activate ERK1/p44 and ERK2/p42 through phosphorylation of activation loop residues Thr202/Tyr204 and Thr185/Tyr187, respectively. Several downstream targets of ERK1/2 have been identified, including p90RSK (7) and the transcription factor Elk-1 (8,9). ERK1/2 are negatively regulated by a family of dual-specificity (Thr/Tyr) MAPK phosphatases, known as DUSPs or MKPs (10), along with MEK inhibitors such as U0126 and PD98059.

  1. Roux, P.P. and Blenis, J. (2004) Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 68, 320-44.
  2. Baccarini, M. (2005) FEBS Lett 579, 3271-7.
  3. Meloche, S. and Pouyssegur, J. (2007) Oncogene 26, 3227-39.
  4. Roberts, P.J. and Der, C.J. (2007) Oncogene 26, 3291-310.
  5. Rubinfeld, H. and Seger, R. (2005) Mol Biotechnol 31, 151-74.
  6. Murphy, L.O. and Blenis, J. (2006) Trends Biochem Sci 31, 268-75.
  7. Dalby, K.N. et al. (1998) J Biol Chem 273, 1496-505.
  8. Marais, R. et al. (1993) Cell 73, 381-93.
  9. Kortenjann, M. et al. (1994) Mol Cell Biol 14, 4815-24.
  10. Owens, D.M. and Keyse, S.M. (2007) Oncogene 26, 3203-13.

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