Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Chromatin Regulation / Epigenetics

MED12 Antibody #4529

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Source
W IP H M R Mk (Hm) (B) (Pg) (Hr) Endogenous 240 Rabbit

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Hm=Hamster  Mk=Monkey  B=Bovine  Pg=Pig  Hr=Horse
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

MED12 Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total MED12 protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human MED12 protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using MED12 Antibody.

Background

The Mediator complex consists of about 25-30 proteins and is thought to facilitate transcription activation by acting as a molecular bridge between the RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) machinery and transcription factors (1). Mediator is recruited to target genes by transcription factors and plays an essential role in the recruitment and stabilization of the RNAPII transcription complex at promoters, as well as the activation of transcription post RNAPII recruitment (1-5). The Mediator complex also plays an important role in creating ‘chromatin loops’ that occur as a result of interactions between the transcription factor bound at distal enhancers and RNAPII bound at the proximal promoter, and works to sustain proper chromatin architecture during active transcription (6-8).

MED12 is part of the CDK8 submodule of the Mediator complex and is required for the stable interaction of this module with the rest of the Mediator complex (1,9). The CDK8 module has been shown to be both a negative and positive regulator of transcription depending on the gene context. The CDK8 module may repress transcription by inhibiting the ability of Mediator to recruit RNAPII (10). In addition, the MED12 subunit can recruit the methyltransferase G9a to methylate histone H3K9 to repress a subset of neuronal genes in non-neuronal cells (11). MED12 and the CDK8 module can also positively regulate transcription of Wnt-responsive genes through its interaction with β-catenin, and p53-regulated genes upon UV-induced DNA damage (1,9,12).

  1. Taatjes, D.J. (2010) Trends Biochem Sci 35, 315-22.
  2. Kornberg, R.D. (2005) Trends Biochem Sci 30, 235-9.
  3. Malik, S. and Roeder, R.G. (2005) Trends Biochem Sci 30, 256-63.
  4. Malik, S. et al. (2002) Mol Cell Biol 22, 5626-37.
  5. Wang, G. et al. (2005) Mol Cell 17, 683-94.
  6. Kagey, M.H. et al. (2010) Nature 467, 430-5.
  7. Park, S.W. et al. (2005) Mol Cell 19, 643-53.
  8. Chen, Z. et al. (2011) EMBO J 30, 2405-19.
  9. Kim, S. et al. (2006) J Biol Chem 281, 14066-75.
  10. Knuesel, M.T. et al. (2009) Genes Dev 23, 439-51.
  11. Ding, N. et al. (2008) Mol Cell 31, 347-59.
  12. Galbraith, M.D. et al. Transcription 1, 4-12.

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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