Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - NF-kB Signaling

Toll-like Receptor 7 (D7) Rabbit mAb #5632

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Isotype
W IP H Endogenous 140 Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation
Reactivity Key:  H=Human
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

Toll-like Receptor 7 (D7) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total human TLR7 protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a recombinant protein specific to the leucine-rich repeats within the human TLR7 protein.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using Toll-like Receptor 7 (D7) Rabbit mAb.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from 293T cells, mock transfected (-) or transfected with human TLR7 (+), using Toll-like Receptor 7 (D7) Rabbit mAb.

Background

Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-4). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses (5-7). Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes (4). The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain (1). Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains, including myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein (MAL/TIRAP), Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF), and Toll-receptor-associated molecule (TRAM) (8-10). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK (8,11-14). Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB, which normally maintains NF-κB in an inactive state by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.

TLR7, 8 and 9 form a group of structurally related TLR family members that are are localized to intracellular endosomes (4-6). TLR7 shows highest expression in lung, placenta, and spleen (4). TLR7 mediates responses to a class of synthetic compounds, including imidazoquinolines, guanosine-based drugs that induce anti-viral responses (7). TLR7 responds to ssRNA viruses to activate NF-κB and trigger IFN production (8-10).

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  2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
  3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
  4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7.
  5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
  6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
  7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
  8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
  9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
  10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
  11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
  12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
  13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
  14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
  15. Chuang, T.H. and Ulevitch, R.J. (2000) Eur Cytokine Netw 11, 372-8.
  16. Du, X. et al. (2000) Eur Cytokine Netw 11, 362-71.
  17. Heil, F. et al. (2003) Eur J Immunol 33, 2987-97.
  18. Hemmi, H. et al. (2002) Nat Immunol 3, 196-200.
  19. Heil, F. et al. (2004) Science 303, 1526-9.
  20. Diebold, S.S. et al. (2004) Science 303, 1529-31.
  21. Lund, J.M. et al. (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101, 5598-603.

Application References

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For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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