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K48-linkage Specific Polyubiquitin (D9D5) Rabbit mAb #8081

Applications	Reactivity	Sensitivity	Isotype
W	All	Endogenous	Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting
Reactivity Key: All=All species expected
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot.

Protocols

8081:

Western Blotting

Specificity / Sensitivity

K48-linkage Specific Polyubiquitin (D9D5C6) Rabbit mAb detects polyubiquitin chains formed by Lys48 residue linkage. This antibody does not react with monoubiquitin or polyubiquitin chains formed by specific linkage to a different lysine residue.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding the Lys48 branch of the human diubiquitin chain.

Background

Ubiquitin is a conserved polypeptide unit that plays an important role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Ubiquitin can be covalently linked to many cellular proteins by the ubiquitination process, which targets proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome. Three components are involved in the target protein-ubiquitin conjugation process. Ubiquitin is first activated by forming a thiolester complex with the activation component E1; the activated ubiquitin is subsequently transferred to the ubiquitin-carrier protein E2, then from E2 to ubiquitin ligase E3 for final delivery to the epsilon-NH₂ of the target protein lysine residue (1-3). The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway has been implicated in a wide range of normal biological processes and in disease-related abnormalities. Several proteins such as IκB, p53, cdc25A, and Bcl-2 have been shown to be targets for the ubiquitin-proteasome process as part of regulation of cell cycle progression, differentiation, cell stress response, and apoptosis (4-7).

Substrate proteins are linked to ubiquitin using seven distinct ubiquitin lysine residues (Lys6, Lys11, Lys27, Lys29, Lys33, Lys48 and Lys63). Formation of a polyubiquitin chain occurs when a lysine residue of ubiquitin is linked to the carboxy-terminal glycine of another ubiquitin. Proteins polyubiquinated at specific lysine residues display a tendency to be targeted for different processes; K48-linked polyubiquitin chains mainly target proteins for proteasomal degradation while K63-linked polyubiquitin regulates protein function, subcellular localization, or protein-protein interactions (8).

1. Ciechanover, A. (1998) EMBO J. 17, 7151-7160.
2. Hochstrasser, M. (2000) Nat. Cell Biol. 2, E153-E157.
3. Hochstrasser, M. (2000) Science 289, 563-564.
4. Bernardi, R. et al. (2000) Oncogene 19, 2447-2454.
5. Aberle, H. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16, 3797-3804.
6. Salomoni, P. and Pandolfi, P.P. (2002) Nat. Cell Biol. 4, E152-E153.
7. Jesenberger, V. and Jentsch, S. (2002) Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 3, 112-121.
8. Komander, D. (2009) Biochem Soc Trans 37, 937-53.

Application References

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Companion Products

• 4289 K48-linkage Specific Polyubiquitin Antibody
• 5621 K63-linkage Specific Polyubiquitin (D7A11) Rabbit mAb

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For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.