Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Nuclear Receptor Signaling

Estrogen Receptor α (D8H8) Rabbit mAb #8644

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Isotype
W IP IF-IC ChIP H Endogenous 66 Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation  IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)  ChIP=Chromatin IP
Reactivity Key:  H=Human
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

Estrogen Receptor α (D8H8) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total ERα protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues in the carboxy terminus of human ERα protein.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from ER-positive cell lines (MCF7, T-47D, ZR-75-1) and ER-negative cell lines (SK-BR-3 and MCF 10A) using Estrogen Receptor α (D8H8) Rabbit mAb (upper) or β-Actin (D6A8) Rabbit mAb #8457 (lower).

IF-IC

IF-IC

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of MCF7 (left) or SK-BR-3 (right) cells using Estrogen Receptor α (D8H8) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments were labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red).

Chromatin IP

Chromatin IP

Chromatin immunoprecipitations were performed with cross-linked chromatin from 4 x 106 MCF7 cells grown in phenol red free medium and 5% charcoal stripped FBS for 4 d then treated with β-estradiol (10 nM) for 45 minutes and either 5 μl of Estrogen Receptor α (D8H8) Rabbit mAb or 2 μl of Normal Rabbit IgG #2729 using SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Magnetic Beads) #9003. The enriched DNA was quantified by real-time PCR using SimpleChIP® Human ESR1 Promoter Primers #9673, SimpleChIP® Human pS2 Promoter Primers #9702, and SimpleChIP® Human α Satellite Repeat Primers #4486. The amount of immunoprecipitated DNA in each sample is represented as signal relative to the total amount of input chromatin, which is equivalent to one.


Background

Estrogen receptor α (ERα), a member of the steroid receptor superfamily, contains highly conserved DNA binding and ligand binding domains (1). Through its estrogen-independent and estrogen-dependent activation domains (AF-1 and AF-2, respectively), ERα regulates transcription by recruiting coactivator proteins and interacting with general transcriptional machinery (2).Phosphorylation at multiple sites provides an important mechanism to regulate ERα activity (3-5). Ser104, 106, 118, and 167 are located in the amino-terminal transcription activation function domain AF-1, and phosphorylation of these serine residues plays an important role in regulating ERα activity. Ser118 may be the substrate of the transcription regulatory kinase CDK7 (5). Ser167 may be phosphorylated by p90RSK and Akt (4,6). According to the research literature, phosphorylation at Ser167 may confer tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer patients (4).

  1. Mangelsdorf, D.J. et al. (1995) Cell 83, 835-839.
  2. Glass, C.K. and Rosenfeld, M.G. (2000) Genes Dev. 14, 121-141.
  3. Chen, D. et al. (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 1002-1015.
  4. Campbell, R.A. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 9817-9824.
  5. Chen, D. et al. (2000) Mol. Cell 6, 127-137.
  6. Joel, P.B. et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 1978-1984.

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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