Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Chromatin Regulation / Epigenetics

ARD1A Antibody #9046

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Source
W IP H Mk Endogenous 28 Rabbit

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

ARD1A Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total ARD1A protein. This antibody does not cross-react with the highly homologous ARD1B protein. This antibody also cross-reacts with a protein of unknown origin at 60 kDa.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Val171 of human ARD1A protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using ARD1A Antibody.

IP

IP

Immunoprecipitation of ARD1A from HeLa cell extracts, using Normal Rabbit IgG #2729 (lane 2) or ARD1A Antibody (lane 3). Lane 1 is 10% input. Western blot analysis was performed using ARD1A Antibody.

Background

Protein acetylation is a common modification that occurs both at lysine residues within proteins (ε-amino acetylation) and multiple amino acid residues at the N-terminus of proteins (α-amino acetylation). The N-α-acetyltransferase ARD1 homolog A protein (ARD1A, also known as NAA10) and the highly homologous N-α-acetyltransferase ARD1 homolog B protein (ARD1B, also known as ARD2 or NAA11) are mutually exclusive catalytic subunits of the N-terminal acetyltransferase complex (NatA) (1-3). This complex, which consists of either ARD1A or ARD1B and the N-α-acetyltransferase 15 (NAA15) auxiliary protein, localizes to ribosomes where it functions to acetylate Ser-, Ala-, Gly-, Thr-, Cys-, Pro-, and Val- N-termini after initiator methionine cleavage during protein translation (1-5). Like ε-amino acetylation, N-terminal α-amino acetylation functions to regulate protein stability, activity, cellular localization, and protein-protein interactions (4,5). Defects in ARD1A have been shown to cause N-terminal acetyltransferase deficiency (NATD), which results in severe delays and defects in postnatal growth (6).In addition to functioning as N-terminal acetyltransferases in the NatA complex, free ARD1A and ARD1B proteins regulate cell growth and differentiation through ε-amino acetylation of lysine residues in multiple target proteins, including the HIF-1α, β-catenin, and AP-1 transcription factors (7-9). ARD1A-mediated acetylation of HIF-1α at Lys532 under normoxic conditions enhances binding of VHL, leading to increased ubiquitination and degradation of HIF-1α and down-regulation of HIF-1α target genes involved in angiogenesis, apoptosis, cellular proliferation, and glucose metabolism (7). Decreased expression of ARD1A under hypoxic conditions contributes to the stabilization of HIF-1α and upregulation of target genes (7). ARD1A also promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by acetylating and activating β-catenin and AP-1 transcription factors, leading to the stimulation of cyclin D1 expression (8,9). Interestingly, the acetyltransferase activity of ARD1A is regulated by autoacetylation at Lys136, which is required for the ability of ARD1A to promote proliferation and tumorigenesis (9). Research studies have shown that ARD1 proteins are over-expressed in multiple cancers, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers (10-13).

  1. Arnesen, T. et al. (2005) Biochem J 386, 433-43.
  2. Arnesen, T. et al. (2006) BMC Biochem 7, 13.
  3. Pang, A.L. et al. (2009) Biol Reprod 81, 302-9.
  4. Van Damme, P. et al. (2011) FEBS J 278, 3822-34.
  5. Polevoda, B. and Sherman, F. (2000) J Biol Chem 275, 36479-82.
  6. Rope, A.F. et al. (2011) Am J Hum Genet 89, 28-43.
  7. Jeong, J.W. et al. (2002) Cell 111, 709-20.
  8. Lim, J.H. et al. (2006) Cancer Res 66, 10677-82.
  9. Seo, J.H. et al. (2010) Cancer Res 70, 4422-32.
  10. Arnesen, T. et al. (2005) Thyroid 15, 1131-6.
  11. Ren, T. et al. (2008) Cancer Lett 264, 83-92.
  12. Yu, M. et al. (2009) Oncol Rep 21, 909-15.
  13. Yu, M. et al. (2009) Cancer Invest 27, 978-83.

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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