Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - PI3K / Akt Signaling

PTEN (D4.3) XP™ Rabbit mAb #9188

This XP™ monoclonal antibody was developed using our eXceptional Monoclonal Technology (XMT™).

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Isotype
W IP IHC-P H M R Mk Endogenous 55 Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IP=Immunoprecipitation  IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

PTEN (D4.3) XP™ Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total PTEN protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues in the carboxy-terminal sequence of human PTEN.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using PTEN (D4.3) XP™ Rabbit mAb (upper) and Akt (pan) (C67E7) Rabbit mAb #4691 (lower).

IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon using PTEN (D4.3) XP™ Rabbit mAb.

IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis using PTEN (D4.3) XP™ Rabbit mAb on SignalSlide(TM) PTEN IHC Controls #8106 (paraffin-embedded LNCaP (left) and NIH/3T3 (right) cells).


Background

PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten), also referred to as MMAC (mutated in multiple advanced cancers) phosphatase, is a tumor suppressor implicated in a wide variety of human cancers (1). PTEN encodes a 403 amino acid polypeptide originally described as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase (2). The main substrates of PTEN are inositol phospholipids generated by the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) (3). PTEN is a major negative regulator of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (1,4,5). PTEN possesses a carboxy-terminal, noncatalytic regulatory domain with three phosphorylation sites (Ser380, Thr382 and Thr383) that regulate PTEN stability and may affect its biological activity (6,7). PTEN regulates p53 protein levels and activity (8) and is involved in G protein coupled signaling during chemotaxis (9,10).

  1. Cantley, L.C. and Neel, B.G. (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96, 4240-5.
  2. Myers, M.P. et al. (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 9052-7.
  3. Myers, M.P. et al. (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95, 13513-8.
  4. Wan, X. and Helman, L.J. (2003) Oncogene 22, 8205-11.
  5. Wu, X. et al. (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95, 15587-91.
  6. Vazquez, F. et al. (2000) Mol Cell Biol 20, 5010-8.
  7. Torres, J. and Pulido, R. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 993-8.
  8. Freeman, D.J. et al. (2003) Cancer Cell 3, 117-30.
  9. Funamoto, S. et al. (2002) Cell 109, 611-23.
  10. Iijima, M. and Devreotes, P. (2002) Cell 109, 599-610.

Application References

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Companion Products

This product is intended for research purposes only. The product is not intended to be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in humans or animals.

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