Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - NF-kB Signaling

NF-κB Control Cell Extracts #9243

Description

Untreated NF-κB Control Cell Extracts:Total cell extracts from HeLa cells prepared without treatment serve as a negative control. Supplied in blue SDS Sample Buffer.TNF-treated NF-κB Control Cell Extracts:Total cell extracts from HeLa cells prepared with Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (hTNF-α) #8902 treatment serve as a positive control. Supplied in red SDS Sample Buffer.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of NF-κB Control Cell Extracts #9243, using IKKα Antibody #2682 (upper), IKKβ (2C8) Rabbit mAb #2370 (middle) and Phospho-IKKα/β (Ser176/180) (16A6) Rabbit mAb #2697 (lower).

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of NF-κB Control Cell Extracts #9243, using IκBα (44D4) Rabbit mAb #4812 (left) and Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) (14D4) Rabbit mAb #2859 (right).

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of NF-κB Control Cell Extracts #9243, using Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Rabbit mAb #3033 (left) and NF-κB p65 (E498) Antibody #3987 (right).


Applications

Western Blots: CST recommends using 20 µl of untreated and TNF-treated NF-κB cell extracts as controls.

Background

Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB)/Rel family play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune responses (1,2). There are five family members in mammals: RelA, c-Rel, RelB, NF-κB1 (p105/p50), and NF-κB2 (p100/p52). Both p105 and p100 are proteolytically processed by the proteasome to produce p50 and p52, respectively. Rel proteins bind p50 and p52 to form dimeric complexes that bind DNA and regulate transcription. In unstimulated cells, NF-κB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκB inhibitory proteins (3-5). NF-κB-activating agents can induce the phosphorylation of IκB proteins, targeting them for rapid degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and releasing NF-κB to enter the nucleus where it regulates gene expression (6-8). NIK and IKKα (IKK1) regulate the phosphorylation and processing of NF-κB2 (p100) to produce p52, which translocates to the nucleus (9-11).

  1. Baeuerle, P.A. and Henkel, T. (1994) Annu Rev Immunol 12, 141-79.
  2. Baeuerle, P.A. and Baltimore, D. (1996) Cell 87, 13-20.
  3. Haskill, S. et al. (1991) Cell 65, 1281-9.
  4. Thompson, J.E. et al. (1995) Cell 80, 573-82.
  5. Whiteside, S.T. et al. (1997) EMBO J 16, 1413-26.
  6. Traenckner, E.B. et al. (1995) EMBO J 14, 2876-83.
  7. Scherer, D.C. et al. (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 11259-63.
  8. Chen, Z.J. et al. (1996) Cell 84, 853-62.
  9. Senftleben, U. et al. (2001) Science 293, 1495-9.
  10. Coope, H.J. et al. (2002) EMBO J 21, 5375-85.
  11. Xiao, G. et al. (2001) Mol Cell 7, 401-9.

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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