Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - MAPK Signaling

SAPK/JNK Control Cell Extracts #9253

Protocols

Description

Nonphosphorylated SAPK/JNK Control Cell Extracts: Total cell extracts from 293 cells, prepared without treatment, serve as a negative control. Supplied in SDS Sample Buffer.Phosphorylated SAPK/JNK Control Cell Extracts: Total cell extracts from 293 cells, treated with UV light, serve as a positive control. Supplied in SDS Sample Buffer.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from 293 cells, treated with or without UV light, using Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (98F2) Rabbit mAb (upper) and SAPK/JNK (56G8) Rabbit mAb (lower).

Applications

As controls, we recommend using 15 µl of phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated SAPK/JNK control extracts. Boil 2 minutes prior to use.

Background

The stress-activated protein kinase/Jun-amino-terminal kinase SAPK/JNK is potently and preferentially activated by a variety of environmental stresses including UV and gamma radiation, ceramides, inflammatory cytokines, and in some instances, growth factors and GPCR agonists (1-6). As with the other MAPKs, the core signaling unit is composed of a MAPKKK, typically MEKK1-MEKK4, or by one of the mixed lineage kinases (MLKs), which phosphorylate and activate MKK4/7. Upon activation, MKKs phosphorylate and activate the SAPK/JNK kinase (2). Stress signals are delivered to this cascade by small GTPases of the Rho family (Rac, Rho, cdc42) (3). Both Rac1 and cdc42 mediate the stimulation of MEKKs and MLKs (3). Alternatively, MKK4/7 can be activated in a GTPase-independent mechanism via stimulation of a germinal center kinase (GCK) family member (4). There are three SAPK/JNK genes each of which undergoes alternative splicing, resulting in numerous isoforms (3). SAPK/JNK, when active as a dimer, can translocate to the nucleus and regulate transcription through its effects on c-Jun, ATF-2, and other transcription factors (3,5).

  1. Davis, R.J. (1999) Biochem Soc Symp 64, 1-12.
  2. Ichijo, H. (1999) Oncogene 18, 6087-93.
  3. Kyriakis, J.M. and Avruch, J. (2001) Physiol Rev 81, 807-69.
  4. Kyriakis, J.M. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 5259-62.
  5. Leppä, S. and Bohmann, D. (1999) Oncogene 18, 6158-62.
  6. Whitmarsh, A.J. and Davis, R.J. (1998) Trends Biochem Sci 23, 481-5.

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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