Product Pathways - Akt Signaling
Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb #9316
| Applications | Reactivity | Sensitivity | MW (kDa) | Isotype |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| W IP IHC-P IF-IC | H M R Mk | Endogenous | 51 | Rabbit IgG |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
IP=Immunoprecipitation
IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
M=Mouse
R=Rat
Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of GSK-3α when phosphorylated at Ser21 and does not detect GSK-3β when phosphorylated at Ser9.
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic phosphopeptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues around Ser21 of human GSK-3α.
Western Blotting
Western blot analysis of extracts from COS-7 cells, λ-phosphatase or PDGF-treated, using Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb (upper) or GSK-3α Antibody #9338 (lower).
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma , untreated (left) or lambda phosphatase treated (right), using Phospho-GSK-3alpha (Ser 21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded LNCaP cells, untreated (left) or LY294002-treated (right), using Phospho-GSK-3alpha (Ser 21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb in the presence of control peptide (left) or Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (36E9) Blocking Peptide #1027 (right).
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using Phospho-GSK-3alpha (Ser 21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb.
IF-IC
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells either serum-starved (left) or insulin-treated (right), using Phospho-GSK-3alpha (Ser21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5™ (fluorescent DNA dye).
Background
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was initially identified as an enzyme that regulates glycogen synthesis in response to insulin (1). GSK-3 is an ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates glycogen synthase. GSK-3 is a critical downstream element of the PI3 kinase/Akt cell survival pathway, and its activity can be inhibited by Akt-mediated phosphorylation at Ser21 of GSK-3α and Ser9 of GSK-3β (2,3). GSK-3 has been implicated in the regulation of cell fate in Dictyostelium, and is a component of the Wnt signaling pathway required for Drosophila, Xenopus and mammalian development (4). GSK-3 has been shown to regulate cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization (5).
- Welsh, G.I. et al. (1996) Trends Cell. Biol. 6, 274-279.
- Srivastava, A.K. and Pandey, S.K. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biochem. 182, 135-141.
- Cross, D.A. et al. (1995) Nature 378, 785-789.
- Nusse, R. (1997) Cell 89, 321-323.
- Diehl, J.A. et al. (1998) Genes Dev. 12, 3499-3511.
Application References
Have you published research involving the use of our products? If so we'd love to hear about it. Please let us know!
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- 7720 Prestained Protein Marker, Broad Range (Premixed Format)
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- 7003 20X LumiGLO® Reagent and 20X Peroxide
- 1027 Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) Blocking Peptide
Rabbit Monoclonals Produced Using Epitomics® Technology, U.S. Patent No. 5,675,063.
This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.
