Product Pathways - Akt Signaling
Phospho-GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9) (37F11) Rabbit mAb (GSK-3α Preferred) #9327
| Applications | Reactivity | Sensitivity | MW (kDa) | Isotype |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| W IP IF-IC F | H M Mk (R) | Endogenous | 51alpha; 46beta | Rabbit IgG |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
IP=Immunoprecipitation
IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
F=Flow Cytometry
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
M=Mouse
R=Rat
Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-GSK-3alpha/beta (Ser21/9) (37F11) Rabbit mAb (GSK-3α Preferred) preferentially detects endogenous levels of GSK-3α when phosphorylated at Ser21 and also detects GSK-3β when phosphorylated at Ser9.
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic phospho-peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to residues around Ser21 of human GSK-3α.
Western Blotting
Western blot analysis of extracts from COS-7 cells, lamda phosphatase- or PDGF-treated, using Phospho-GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9) (37F11) Rabbit mAb (GSK-3alpha Preferred) (upper) or GSK-3alpha Antibody #9338 (lower).
Flow Cytometry
Flow cytometric analysis of NIH/3T3 cells, untreated (blue) or PDGF-treated (green), using Phospho-GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9) (37F11) Rabbit mAb (GSK-3alpha Preferred) compared to a nonspecific negative control antibody (red).
IF-IC
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells serum-starved (left) or insulin-treated (right), using with Phospho-GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9) (37F11) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5™ (fluorescent DNA dye).
Background
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was initially identified as an enzyme that regulates glycogen synthesis in response to insulin (1). GSK-3 is an ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates glycogen synthase. GSK-3 is a critical downstream element of the PI3 kinase/Akt cell survival pathway, and its activity can be inhibited by Akt-mediated phosphorylation at Ser21 of GSK-3α and Ser9 of GSK-3β (2,3). GSK-3 has been implicated in the regulation of cell fate in Dictyostelium, and is a component of the Wnt signaling pathway required for Drosophila, Xenopus and mammalian development (4). GSK-3 has been shown to regulate cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization (5).
- Welsh, G.I. et al. (1996) Trends Cell. Biol. 6, 274-279.
- Srivastava, A.K. and Pandey, S.K. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biochem. 182, 135-141.
- Cross, D.A. et al. (1995) Nature 378, 785-789.
- Nusse, R. (1997) Cell 89, 321-323.
- Diehl, J.A. et al. (1998) Genes Dev. 12, 3499-3511.
Application References
Have you published research involving the use of our products? If so we'd love to hear about it. Please let us know!
Companion Products
- 9331 Phospho-GSK-3α/β (Ser21/9) Antibody
- 9337 Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (46H12) Mouse mAb
- 9338 GSK-3alpha Antibody
- 9315 GSK-3β (27C10) Rabbit mAb
- 9316 Phospho-GSK-3α (Ser21) (36E9) Rabbit mAb
- 9336 Phospho-GSK-3β (Ser9) Antibody
- 6300 SignalSilence® GSK-3α/β siRNA Kit
- 6312 SignalSilence® GSK-3α siRNA
- 9632 Phospho-Tau (Ser396) (PHF13) Mouse mAb
- 4019 Tau (Tau46) Mouse mAb
- 7071 Phototope®-HRP Western Blot Detection System, Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody
- 7074 Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody
- 7720 Prestained Protein Marker, Broad Range (Premixed Format)
- 7727 Biotinylated Protein Ladder Detection Pack
- 7003 20X LumiGLO® Reagent and 20X Peroxide
Rabbit Monoclonals Produced Using Epitomics® Technology, U.S. Patent No. 5,675,063.
This product is for in vitro research use only and is not intended for use in humans or animals. This product is not intended for use as therapeutic or in diagnostic procedures.
