Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Ca / cAMP / Lipid Signaling

TSPO Antibody #9530

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Source
W H M Mk Endogenous 18 Rabbit

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  Mk=Monkey
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

TSPO Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total TSPO protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of mouse TSPO protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extacts from various cell lines using TSPO Antibody (upper) or GAPDH (D16H11) XP® Rabbit mAb #5174 (lower).

Background

Translocator protein (TSPO) is an 18 kDa mitochondrial drug- and cholesterol-transporting protein involved in steroid hormone synthesis and mitochondrial homeostasis in a variety of cell types (1,2). Originally thought to play a role exclusively in steroid synthesis in steroidogenic cells, subsequent research studies have implicated TSPO in a variety of pathologies in a broad range of tissues including progression of breast cancer, neuroinflammation, and neurological disorders (1,3-5). TSPO was first identified by its ability to bind benzodiazepines in peripheral tissues and glial cells, hence its alternate name Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (PBR).TSPO has been shown to modulate an array of cellular functions; it is critical for steroidogenesis, modulates mitochondrial function and metabolism, and plays a role in both cell proliferation and apoptosis (6-8). TSPO is found in the outer mitochondrial membrane where it coordinates with Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Factor (StAR) to transport cholesterol into the mitochondria and is critical for steroidogenesis and tumor progression (9,10). This is illustrated by studies that show the non-aggressive, hormone-dependent cell line, MCF7, expresses low levels of TSPO whereas the more aggressive, metastatic, and hormone-independent cell line, MDA-MB-231, expresses high levels of TSPO (10). This study, and others, suggest that TSPO may be an important regulator of hormone-dependent tumor progression. Numerous investigations have concluded that due to its high affinity for pharmacological compounds and up-regulation in disease, TSPO is an attractive target for diagnosis and treatment of tumor progression, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neurological/psychiatric disorders (11-15).

  1. Batarseh, A. and Papadopoulos, V. (2010) Mol Cell Endocrinol 327, 1-12.
  2. Gatliff, J. and Campanella, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 356-68.
  3. Sileikyte, J. et al. (2011) J Biol Chem 286, 1046-53.
  4. Mukherjee, S. and Das, S.K. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 443-57.
  5. Da Pozzo, E. et al. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 426-42.
  6. Riond, J. et al. (1991) Eur J Biochem 195, 305-11.
  7. Veenman, L. and Gavish, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 398-412.
  8. Gatliff, J. and Campanella, M. (2012) Curr Mol Med 12, 356-68.
  9. Papadopoulos, V. et al. (1997) Steroids 62, 21-8.
  10. Batarseh, A. et al. (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta 1819, 38-56.
  11. Scarf, A.M. and Kassiou, M. (2011) J Nucl Med 52, 677-80.
  12. Rupprecht, R. et al. (2010) Nat Rev Drug Discov 9, 971-88.
  13. Venneti, S. et al. (2012) Glia , .
  14. Politis, M. et al. (2012) Front Pharmacol 3, 96.
  15. Calabresi, P.A. and Bohnen, N.I. (2012) Neurology , .

Application References

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Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

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