Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Chromatin Regulation / Epigenetics

Tri-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb #9751

Applications Reactivity Sensitivity MW (kDa) Isotype
W IHC-P IF-IC ChIP H M R Mk Dm Sc (X) (Z) Endogenous 17 Rabbit IgG

Applications Key:  W=Western Blotting  IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)  IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)  ChIP=Chromatin IP
Reactivity Key:  H=Human  M=Mouse  R=Rat  Mk=Monkey  Dm=D. melanogaster  X=Xenopus  Z=Zebrafish  Sc=S. cerevisiae
Species cross-reactivity is determined by western blot. Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology.

Protocols

Specificity / Sensitivity

Tri-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys4) Antibody detects endogenous levels of histone H3 when tri-methylated on Lys4. This antibody shows some cross-reactivity with histone H3 that is di-methylated on Lys4, but does not cross-react with non-methylated or mono-methylated histone H3 Lys4. In addition, the antibody does not cross-react with methylated histone H3 Lys9, Lys27, Lys36 or methylated histone H4 Lys20.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino terminus of histone H3 in which Lys4 is tri-methylated.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Antibody specificity was determined by Western blotting. HeLa and NIH/3T3 cell lysates were probed with Tri-Methyl Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb (Panel A) or Tri-Methyl Histone H3 (Lys4) Rabbit mAb pre-adsorbed with 1.5 μM of various competitor peptides (Panels B-M). As shown, only the tri-methyl histone H3 (Lys4) peptide competed away binding of the antibody.

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of various cell types using Tri-Methyl Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb.

IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma, using Tri-Methyl Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb.


IHC-P (paraffin)

IHC-P (paraffin)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma using Tri-Methyl Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb.

IF-IC

IF-IC

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells using Tri-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red).

Chromatin IP

Chromatin IP

Chromatin immunoprecipitations were performed with cross-linked chromatin from 4 x 106 HeLa cells and either 10 μl of Tri-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys4) (C42D8) Rabbit mAb or 2 μl of Normal Rabbit IgG #2729, using SimpleChIP® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Magnetic Beads) #9003. The enriched DNA was quantified by real-time PCR using SimpleChIP® Human RPL30 Exon 3 Primers #7014, SimpleChIP® Human GAPDH Exon 1 Primers #5516, SimpleChIP® Human MyoD1 Exon 1 Primers #4490, and SimpleChIP® Human α Satellite Repeat Primers #4486. The amount of immunoprecipitated DNA in each sample is represented as signal relative to the total amount of input chromatin, which is equivalent to one.


Background

The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. Originally thought to function as a static scaffold for DNA packaging, histones have now been shown to be dynamic proteins, undergoing multiple types of post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination (1). Histone methylation is a major determinant for the formation of active and inactive regions of the genome and is crucial for the proper programming of the genome during development (2,3). Arginine methylation of histones H3 (Arg2, 17, 26) and H4 (Arg3) promotes transcriptional activation and is mediated by a family of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), including the co-activators PRMT1 and CARM1 (PRMT4) (4). In contrast, a more diverse set of histone lysine methyltransferases has been identified, all but one of which contain a conserved catalytic SET domain originally identified in the Drosophila Su(var)3-9, Enhancer of zeste, and Trithorax proteins. Lysine methylation occurs primarily on histones H3 (Lys4, 9, 27, 36, 79) and H4 (Lys20) and has been implicated in both transcriptional activation and silencing (4). Methylation of these lysine residues coordinates the recruitment of chromatin modifying enzymes containing methyl-lysine binding modules such as chromodomains (HP1, PRC1), PHD fingers (BPTF, ING2), tudor domains (53BP1), and WD-40 domains (WDR5) (5-8). The discovery of histone demethylases such as PADI4, LSD1, JMJD1, JMJD2, and JHDM1 has shown that methylation is a reversible epigenetic marker (9).

  1. Peterson, C.L. and Laniel, M.A. (2004) Curr. Biol. 14, R546-R551.
  2. Kubicek, S. et al. (2006) Ernst Schering Res. Found Workshop, 1-27.
  3. Lin, W. and Dent, S.Y. (2006) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 16, 137-142.
  4. Lee, D.Y. et al. (2005) Endocr. Rev. 26, 147-170.
  5. Daniel, J.A. et al. (2005) Cell Cycle 4, 919-926.
  6. Shi, X. et al. (2006) Nature 442, 96-99.
  7. Wysocka, J. et al. (2006) Nature 442, 86-90.
  8. Wysocka, J. et al. (2005) Cell 121, 859-872.
  9. Trojer, P. and Reinberg, D. (2006) Cell 125, 213-217.

Application References

Have you published research involving the use of our products? If so we'd love to hear about it. Please let us know!

Companion Products

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Products