Product Pathways - Chromatin Regulation
Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody #9753
| Applications | Reactivity | MW (kDa) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| W IP IHC-P IF-IC ChIP | H M R Mk (All) | 17 | Rabbit |
Applications Key:
W=Western Blotting
IP=Immunoprecipitation
IHC-P=Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
IF-IC=Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
ChIP=Chromatin IP
Reactivity Key:
H=Human
M=Mouse
R=Rat
All=All
Mk=Monkey
Species enclosed in parentheses are predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology. Species cross-reactivity is determined by Western blot.
Specificity / Sensitivity
Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody detects endogenous levels of histone H3 only when di-methylated on Lys9. The antibody does not cross-react with non-methylated, mono-methylated, or tri-methylated Lys9. In addition, the antibody does not cross-react with di-methylated or tri-methylated histone H3 Lys27.
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide (KLH-coupled) corresponding to the amino terminus of histone H3 in which lysine 9 is di-methylated. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Western Blotting
Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates from HeLa, NIH/3T3, H-4-II-E and COS cells, using Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma, using Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, using Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody.
IHC-P (paraffin)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH), using Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody.
IF-IC
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of NIH/3T3 cells showing nuclear localization when labeled with Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red).
DELFIA
Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody specificity was determined by peptide ELISA. The graph depicts the binding of the antibody to pre-coated di-methyl histone H3 (Lys9) peptide in the presence of increasing concentrations of various competitor peptides. As shown, only the di-methyl histone H3 (Lys9) peptide competed away binding of the antibody.
Chromatin IP
Chromatin immunoprecipitations were performed with cross-linked chromatin from 4 x 106 HeLa cells and either 20 μl of Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) Antibody or 1 μl Normal Rabbit IgG #2729, using SimpleChIP™ Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Magnetic Beads) #9003. The enriched DNA was quantified by Real-Time PCR using primers specific for the transcriptionally inactive AFM gene, the heterochromatic Alpha Satellite repeat element, and the transcriptionally active RPL30 and GAPDH genes. The amount of immunoprecipitated DNA in each sample is represented as signal relative to the total amount of input chromatin, which is equivalent to one.
Background
The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. Originally thought to function as a static scaffold for DNA packaging, histones have now been shown to be dynamic proteins, undergoing multiple types of post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitination (1). Histone methylation is a major determinant for the formation of active and inactive regions of the genome and is crucial for the proper programming of the genome during development (2,3). Arginine methylation of histones H3 (Arg2, 17, 26) and H4 (Arg3) promotes transcriptional activation and is mediated by a family of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), including the co-activators PRMT1 and CARM1 (PRMT4) (4). In contrast, a more diverse set of histone lysine methyltransferases have been identified, all but one of which contain a conserved catalytic SET domain originally identified in the Drosophila Su(var)3-9, Enhancer of zeste and Trithorax proteins. Lysine methylation occurs primarily on histones H3 (Lys4, 9, 27, 36, 79) and H4 (Lys20) and has been implicated in both transcriptional activation and silencing (4). Methylation of these lysine residues coordinates the recruitment of chromatin modifying enzymes containing methyl-lysine binding modules such as chromodomains (HP1, PRC1), PHD fingers (BPTF, ING2), tudor domains (53BP1) and WD-40 domains (WDR5) (5-8). The recent discovery of histone demethylases such as PADI4, LSD1, JMJD1, JMJD2 and JHDM1 has shown that methylation is a reversible epigenetic mark (9).
- Peterson, C.L. and Laniel, M.A. (2004) Curr. Biol. 14, R546-R551.
- Kubicek, S. et al. (2006) Ernst Schering Res. Found Workshop , 1-27.
- Lin, W. and Dent, S.Y. (2006) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 16, 137-142.
- Lee, D.Y. et al. (2005) Endocr. Rev. 26, 147-170.
- Daniel, J.A. et al. (2005) Cell Cycle 4, 919-926.
- Shi, X. et al. (2006) Nature 442, 96-99.
- Wysocka, J. et al. (2006) Nature 442, 86-90.
- Wysocka, J. et al. (2005) Cell 121, 859-872.
- Trojer, P. and Reinberg, D. (2006) Cell 125, 213-217.
Application References
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