Cell Signaling Technology

Product Pathways - Tyrosine Kinase/ Adaptors

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) #9943

MW Source Purity
24 kDa Human Recombinant Protein

Description

The human VEGF165 coding cDNA was subcloned into an expression vector and expressed in yeast. The recombinant human VEGF 165 homodimer was purified and stored in PBS buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.1% BSA.

Concentration and Specific Activity

100 µg/ml

Western Blotting

Western Blotting

Western blot analysis of extracts from HUVEC cells, untreated or VEGF165 stimulated (100 ng/ml for 5 min), using Phospho-VEGF Receptor 2 (Tyr1175) (19A10) Rabbit mAb #2478 (upper) or VEGF Receptor 2 (55B11) Rabbit mAb #2479 (lower).

Directions for Use

CST recommends using 50-100 ng/ml of VEGF for stimulation of VEGF signaling.

Background

VEGF is a heparin-binding glycoprotein that is secreted as a homodimer of 45 kDa. Five human VEGF mRNA species encoding VEGF isoforms of 121, 145, 165, 189, and 206 amino acids are produced by alternative splicing of the VEGF mRNA from a single gene (1). Transcripts encoding VEGF165 and VEGF121 are detected in the majority of cells and tissues expressing the VEGF gene. VEGF121 lacks the amino acids encoded by exon 7 of the VEGF gene, which is present in VEGF165 and enables the ability of VEGF165 to bind to heparin and heparan sulfate. Heparin-binding VEGF165 is the best characterized VEGF species. The binding of VEGF165 to the VEGF receptors of vascular endothelial cells is modulated by the addition of exogenous heparin or heparan sulfate and inhibited after digestion of endothelial cells with heparinase (2). Neuropilin-1 is also a VEGF165 isoform specific receptor. It has been reported that neuropilin-1 can enhance the binding of VEGF165 to the Flk-1/KDR receptor (3). VEGF165 expression is regulated by various stimuli including growth factors, cytokines, gonadotropins, nitric oxide, hypoxia, hypoglycemia and oncogenic mutations.

  1. Houck, K. A. et al. (1991) Mol Endocrinol 5, 1806-1814.
  2. Gitay-Goren, H. et al. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 6093-6098.
  3. Soker, S. et al. (1998) Cell 92, 735-745.
  4. Loureiro, R.M. and D'Amore, P.A. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16, 104-113.

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