Recombinant antibodies offer several key advantages compared to traditional antibodies. These include superior lot-to-lot consistency, continuous supply, and animal-free manufacturing. As such, recombinant antibodies are seeing increased use for scientific research, especially as a means of addressing the ongoing reproducibility crisis.
Traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are the product of normal B cell development and genetic recombination. They are generated by immunizing an animal with an antigen to elicit an immune response. While polyclonal antibodies are secreted by many different B cell clones and recognize multiple antigenic epitopes, monoclonals originate from a single B cell clone and are specific for just one epitope.
Recombinant antibodies are monoclonal, but their production involves in vitro genetic manipulation. After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. Mammalian cell lines are most commonly used for recombinant antibody production, although cell lines of bacterial, yeast, or insect origin are also suitable.
Because recombinant antibody production involves sequencing the antibody light and heavy chains, it is a highly controlled and reliable process. In contrast, hybridoma-based systems for producing monoclonal antibodies are subject to genetic drift and instability, increasing the potential for lot-to-lot variability or loss of antibody expression. Recombinant antibodies are highly consistent from lot to lot, thereby ensuring reproducible experimental results.
In vitro methods for producing antibodies are amenable to large-scale production, meaning antibody availability is unlikely to become a limiting factor. Moreover, since the recombinant antibody sequence is known, continuity of supply is assured; in situations where an antibody will be used to support large, long-term studies, this can be an especially critical factor.
Unlike traditional methods for antibody production, recombinant approaches avoid the need to use animals. Where polyclonal antibodies are purified directly from the serum of the immunized host, and monoclonals are purified from either hybridoma-derived tissue culture supernatant or ascites, recombinant antibodies are instead purified from the tissue culture supernatants of transfected host cell lines. Regardless of whether an antibody is polyclonal, monoclonal or recombinant, it must always be properly validated in the intended application prior to experimental use. At CST, we adhere to the Hallmarks of Antibody Validation™, six complementary strategies for determining the specificity, sensitivity, and functionality of an antibody in any given assay. By carefully tailoring these strategies to each antibody product, we guarantee that CST antibodies will work as expected, to help you achieve results you can trust.
| Cat. # | Size | Qty. | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| 83528SF | 100 µg |
|
| REACTIVITY | M |
| SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
| MW (kDa) | 45-50 |
| Source/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
Product Information
Mouse
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with mouse CD47 recombinant protein.
CD47 is a five-pass transmembrane protein expressed on all normal cells. It binds to the SIRPα that is expressed on myeloid cells, including macrophages, and neuronal cells in the central nervous system. Binding of CD47 to SIRPα promotes phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) within the SIRPα cytoplasmic tail, inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis toward CD47-expressing cells. In this way, CD47 serves as a "don't eat me" signal or a marker of "self", functioning as an innate immune checkpoint. Additionally, CD47 was reported to modulate lymphocyte cell activation and proliferation (1-3). CD47 is overexpressed in many types of cancer. The expression level of CD47 on cancer cells is negatively associated with the response to therapies, and low expression on tumor cells is associated with a better prognosis and survival. Reagents that can block CD47-SIRPα interaction are being actively pursued for therapeutic applications (4,5). In addition to SIRPα, other proteins have been reported to bind to CD47. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) competes with SIRPα to bind to CD47 in the extracellular region and activates signaling pathways downstream of CD47 (6). CD47 can laterally associate with VEGFR2, FAS, and certain integrins in different contexts, and influences their downstream signaling (7-9). CD47 can be shed from the cell surface by proteolytic cleavage. In addition, CD47 is present on extracellular vesicles including exosomes, suggesting additional extracellular signaling potential (10).
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