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Protein and Pathway Abbreviations

4E-BP eIF4E binding protein
Abl Ableson leukemia oncogene cellular homolog
AC Adenylate cyclase
ACTR Acetyltransferase, amplified in breast cancer-1
ADAP Adhesion and degranulation adaptor protein
Ag Antigen
AIF Apoptosis-inducing factor
Akt AKT8 virus oncogene cellular homolog
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
ANT Adenine nucleotide translocation channel
AP1 Activator protein 1 (c-jun and c-fos)
Apaf-1 Apoptotic protease activating factor 1
APC Adenomatous polyposis coli
APP β-Amyloid precursor protein
APPs Acute phase proteins
APS Adapter protein with a PH and SH2 domain
ASIP Atypical PKC isotype-specific interacting protein
ASK Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase
ATF-2 Activating transcription factor 2
ATM Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated protein kinase
ATR ATM and Rad3-related protein kinase
BAFF B cell activating factor of TNF family/BLyS
Bam32 B cell adaptor molecule 32 kDa
BCAP B cell adaptor for PI3K
Bcl-10 B cell leukemia 10 protein
Bfl-1 Bcl-2-related protein A1
Bid A BH3 domain-only death agonist protein
Bimp1 B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1
BLNK B cell linker protein
BLyS B lymphocyte stimulator/BAFF
BR3 BLyS receptor 3/BAFF-R
BRCA Breast cancer growth suppressor protein
Btk Bruton’s tyrosine kinase
β-TrCP β-transducin repeat-containing protein
C3G Guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2
CAD Caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease
Cam Calmodulin
CaMK Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase
cAMP Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CAP c-Cbl-associated protein
Cas p130CAS, Crk-associated substrate
Caspase Cysteine proteases with aspartate specificity
Cav Caveolin
CBL Cellular homologue of Cas NS-1 oncogene
CBP CREB binding protein
cdc Cell division control protein
cdc2 CDK1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
cdc34 A ubiquitin conjugating (E2) enzyme
cdc37 A kinase-binding chaperone
cdc42 Small GTPase of Rho family
CDK Cyclin-dependent kinase
Chk Checkpoint kinase
CHOP C/EBP homologous protein 10
c-IAP Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein
CIP CDK-interacting protein
CIS Cytokine inducible SH2-containing protein
CK Casein kinase
c-Myb Avian myeloblastosis virus oncogene cellular homolog
c-Myc Avian myelocytomatosis virus oncogene cellular homolog
Cot Cancer osaka thyroid, a S/T kinase
cPLA2 Cytoplasmic phospholipase A2
CREB cAMP response element-binding protein
CRK CT10 sarcoma oncogene cellular homolog
CTMP Carboxyl-terminal modulator protein
DAG Diacylglycerol
DAPK Death-associated protein kinase
Daxx Fas death domain-associated protein
Diablo Direct IAP binding protein with low pI
DNA-PK DNA-activated protein kinase
DP1 DRTF1-polypeptide-1, a transcription factor
DPC4 Deleted in pancreatic cancer locus 4 (A.K.A. Smad4)
DR Death receptor
Dsh Dishevelled
dsRNA Double-stranded RNA
E2F Transcription factor family including E2F- and DP-like subunits
eEF Eukaryotic elongation factor
Egr-1 Early growth response protein 1
EHD1 EH domain-containing 1
eIF Eukaryotic initiation factor
Elk Ets-like transcription factor
ENaC Epithelial sodium channel
Endo G Endonuclease G
eNOS Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
EPAC Exchange protein activated by cAMP
ER Estrogen receptor, Endoplasmic reticulum
Erk Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
Ets E26-AMV virus oncogene cellular homolog, a transcription factor
FADD Fas-associated protein with death domain
FAK Focal adhesion kinase
Fas TNF superfamily receptor 6
FcgRII IgG Fc receptor II
FKHR Forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma
FLIP FLICE (Caspase-8) inhibitory protein
FRAP FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein
FRS FGF receptor substrate
Fyn A Src family tyrosine-protein kinase
Gab1 GRB2-associated binder-1
GADD Growth arrest and DNA damage protein
GAP GTPase activating proteins
GAS IFN-γ-activated sequences
Gas2 Growth arrest-specific gene 2
GBP GSK-3 binding protein
GCK Germinal center kinase
GCN General control of amino acid biosynthesis protein
GEF Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
GF-Rs Growth factor receptors
GLUT4 Glucose transporter type 4
GPCR G-protein coupled receptor
GRB Growth factor receptor-bound protein
GRIP Glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein
GRK G-protein coupled receptor kinase
GSK Glycogen synthase kinase
HDAC Histone deacetylase
HIPK Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase
HMG High mobility group
HPK Hematopoietic progenitor kinase
HRI Hemin-regulated inhibitor
Hrk/DP5 Harakiri protein, an activator of apoptosis
HSF1 Heat-shock factor 1
HSP Heat shock protein
HtrA2 High temperature requirement serine protease A2
IAP Inhibitor of apoptosis
ICAD Inhibitor of caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease
IκB Inhibitor of NF-κB
IKK IκB kinase
ILK Integrin-linked kinase
INK4 Inhibitor of CDK4
iNOS Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
IP3 inositol trisphosphate
IRAK Interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 1
IRS Insulin receptor substrate
ISRE Interferon-stimulated response element
ITAM immunoreceptor tyrosine-base activation motifs
Jak Janus-family tyrosine kinase
JIP JNK-interacting protein
JNK Jun N-terminal kinase
KSR Kinase suppressor of Ras
LAB Linker for activation of B cells
LAT Linker for activation of T cells
LC8 Dynein light chain, cytoplasmic
LCK Lymphocyte-specific protein-tyrosine kinase
LRP LDL-receptor-related protein
LT Lymphotoxin
LTβR Lymphotoxin-β receptor
Lyn A src family tyrosine-protein kinase
M3/6 Dual-specificity phosphatase
MAGUKs Membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologs
MALT Mucosa-associated lymphoma translocation protein
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MAPKAP MAP kinase activated protein kinase
Mcl-1 Myeloid cell leukemia 1
MDM2 Murine double minute 2, a p53-associated oncogene
MEF2 Myocyte enhancer factor 2
MEK MAPK/Erk kinase
MEKK MAPK/Erk kinase kinase
MHC Major histocompatibility complex
mIg Membrane immunoglobulin
MKP MAP kinase phosphatase
MLCK Myosin light chain kinase
MLK Mixed lineage kinase
MNK MAP kinase interacting kinase
MP-1 MEK partner 1
Mre11 Meiotic recombination 11
MSK Mitogen and stress activated kinase
mTOR Mammalian target of rapamycin
Myc Myelocytomatosis oncogene cellular homolog
MyD88 Myeloid differentiation factor 88
MyoD Myogenic determination factor
Myt1 A dual-specificity protein kinase
NAK NF-κB-activating kinase
NAP1 Nck-associated protein 1
NBS1 Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1
Nck Nck adaptor protein
NcoR Nuclear receptor corepressor
Nemo IKKγ, an IKK regulatory subunit
NFAT Nuclear factor of activated T cells
NF-kB Nuclear factor κ B
NIK NF-κB-inducing kinase
NLK Nemo-like kinase
NO Nitric oxide
Noxa Damage protein, a pro-apoptotic BH3-containing protein
NRG Neuregulin
Oct Octamer-binding transcription factor 2
p19Arf p19 alternative reading frame protein
p300 A histone acetyltransferase
p53 Tumor suppressor protein that protects from DNA damage
p90RSK 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase
PABP Poly(A) tail-binding protein
PAIP Polyadenylate binding protein-interacting proteins
PAK p21-activated kinase
PAR-1 Partitioning protein 1, a S/T kinase
PARP Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase
Pax Paxillin
PCAF p300/CBP-associated factor, a histone acetyltransferase
pCIP p300/CBP-interacting protein, a histone acetyltransferase
PDE3B cGMP-inhibited 3’,5’-cyclic phosphodiesterase B
PDK 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase
PEK Pancreatic eukaryotic initiation factor 2a-subunit kinase
PERK Type I transmembrane ER-resident protein kinase
PI3K Phosphoinositide 3 kinase
PIAS Protein inhibitors of activated Stats
PIP2 Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate
PIP3 Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
PKA Protein kinase A
PKC Protein kinase C
PKR dsRNA-dependent Ser/Thr protein kinase
PLA Phospholipase A
PLC Phospholipase C
Plk Polo-like kinase
PLP2A Phospholipase A2
POSH Plenty Of SH3s
PP1 Phospho-protein phosphatase 1
PP2A Phospho-protein phosphatase 2A
PPAR Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PR Progesterone receptor
PRAK p38 regulated activated kinase
PRK2 Protein kinase C-related kinase 2
PTEN Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10
PTP1B Protein phosphotyrosylphosphatase 1B
PUMA p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis
Pygo Pygopus, a transcription co-activator
PYK Proline-rich tyrosine kinase
RAIDD RIP-associated ICH/CED-3-homologous protein with a death domain
Rap1 Ras-related protein RAP-1A
RAR Retinoic acid receptor
RasGRP Ras guanyl nucleotide-releasing protein
Rb Retinoblastoma protein
Rel Reticuloendotheliosis oncogene cellular homolog
RGS Regulator of G-protein signaling
Rheb Ras homolog enriched in brain
RIP Receptor-interacting protein
ROCK Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase
ROIs Reactive oxygen intermediates
RSK Ribosomal protein S6 kinase
RTK Receptor tyrosine kinase
RXR Retinoid X receptor
S6 Small subunit ribosomal protein S6
SAPK Stress-activated protein kinase
SARA Smad anchor for receptor activation
SCF Skp-cdc53-F-box ubiquitin ligase complex
SGK Serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase
Shc SH2-containing collagen-related proteins
SHIP SH2-containing inositol phosphatase
SHP1 SH2-containing phosphatase 1
SHP2 SH2-containing phosphatase 2
Sin3 A transcriptional corepressor
SIRT2 Silent information regulator 2
SKP2 S-phase kinase-associated protein 2
SLP76 SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein, 76-kd
Smac Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase
Smad Contraction of Sma and Mad (Mothers against decapentaplegic)
SMRT Silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor
Smurf Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor
SNARE Soluble N-ethylmaleimide attachment protein receptors
SOCS Suppressor of cytokine signalling
SOS Son of sevenless guanine nucleotide exchange factor
SOX Sry-box transcription factors
Src Rous sarcoma oncogene cellular homolog
SRC1 Steroid receptor coactivator 1
SRF Serum response factor
Stat Signal transducer and activator of transcription
SUMO Small ubiquitin-like modifier
Suv39h1 Position-effect-variegation protein Su(var)3-9
Syk A tyrosine-protein kinase
Synip Syntaxin 4-interacting protein
TAB TAK binding protein
TAFs TBP-associated factors
TAK TGF β-activated kinase
Tal Talin
Tax Transactivator protein of HTLV-1
tBid Truncated Bid
TBP TATA-binding protein
TC10 GTP-binding protein TC10
TCF T cell factor
TCR T cell receptor
TF Transcription factor
TGF Transforming growth factor
TGIF TG-interacting factor
TH Tyrosine hydroxylase
Tip60 HIV1 Tat interacting protein
TIRAP TIR domain-containing adaptor protein
TNF Tumor necrosis factor
Topo II DNA topoisomerase II
Tpl2 Tumor progression locus 2, (Cot1, MAP3K8)
TR Thyroid hormone receptor
TRADD TNF receptor-1-associated death domain protein
TRAF TNF receptor-associated factor
TRAIL TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
TRAM Trif-related adaptor molecule
TRIF Tir domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-beta
TSC Tuberous sclerosis complex
TWEAK TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis
ub Ubiquitin
UV Ultraviolet radiation
VASP Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein
Vav The ‘onc F’ proto-oncogene
Wee1 Small cell protein, a mitotic inhibitor kinase
XIAP Inhibitor of apoptosis, x-linked
YAP Yes-associated protein 1
Zap-70 z-chain-associated protein kinase
revised May 2007