Immunofluorescence Protocol with Acetone / Methanol Fixation

IMPORTANT: Please refer to the APPLICATIONS section on the front page of the datasheet to determine if this product is validated and approved for use with this protocol.

A. Solutions and Reagents

NOTE: Prepare solutions with Milli-Q or equivalently purified water.

• 10X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): To prepare 1 L add 80 g sodium chloride (NaCl), 2 g potassium chloride (KCl), 14.4 g sodium phosphate, dibasic (Na₂HPO₄) and 2.4 g potassium phosphate, monobasic (KH₂PO₄) to 1 L dH₂O. Adjust pH to 8.0.
• Methanol, 100%
• Acetone
• Blocking Buffer (1X PBS / 5% normal goat serum (#5425) / 0.3% Triton X-100):
  To prepare 25 ml, add 2.5 ml 10X PBS, 1.25 ml normal serum from the same species as the secondary antibody (e.g., normal goat serum, normal donkey serum) and 21.25 ml dH₂O and mix well. While stirring, add 75 µl Triton X-100.
• Antibody Dilution Buffer (1X PBS / 1% BSA / 0.3% Triton X-100):
  To prepare 40 ml, add 4 ml 10X PBS to 36 ml dH₂O, mix. Add 0.4 g BSA and mix well. While stirring, add 120 µl Triton X-100.
• Fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody (recommended secondary antibodies)
  NOTE: When using any primary or fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody for the first time, titrate the antibody to determine which dilution allows for the strongest specific signal with the least background for your sample.
• Prolong^® Gold Antifade Reagent (Invitrogen, Eugene, OR. Cat# P36930)

B. Specimen Preparation - Cultured Cell Lines (IF-IC)

NOTE: Cells should be grown, treated, fixed and stained directly in multi-well plates, chamber slides or on coverslips.

1. Aspirate media, cover cells adequately with 1:1 Acetone / Methanol fixative.
2. Allow cells to fix for 20 minutes at -20°C.
3. Aspirate fixative, rinse three times in PBS for 5 minutes each.
4. Proceed with Immunostaining (Section C).

C. Immunostaining

NOTE: All subsequent incubations should be carried out at room temperature unless otherwise noted in a humid light-tight box or covered dish/plate to prevent drying and fluorochrome fading.

1. Block specimen in Blocking Buffer for 60 minutes.
2. While blocking, prepare primary antibody by diluting as indicated on datasheet in Antibody Dilution Buffer.
3. Aspirate blocking solution, apply diluted primary antibody.
4. Incubate overnight at 4°C.
5. Rinse three times in PBS for 5 minutes each.
   NOTE: If using primary antibodies directly conjugated with Alexa Fluor^® fluorochromes, then skip to step C8.
6. Incubate specimen in fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody* diluted in Antibody Dilution Buffer for 1–2 hours at room temperature in the dark.
7. Rinse three times in PBS for 5 minutes each.
8. Coverslip slides with Prolong^® Gold Antifade Reagent or apply just enough to cover cells in multiwell plate.
9. For best results examine specimens immediately using appropriate excitation wavelength. For long-term storage, store slides flat at 4°C protected from light.

*Recommended Secondary Antibodies:

Anti-Rabbit

• Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L), F(ab')₂ Fragment (Alexa Fluor^® 488 Conjugate) #4412
• Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L), F(ab')₂ Fragment (Alexa Fluor^® 555 Conjugate) #4413
• Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L), F(ab')₂ Fragment (Alexa Fluor^® 647 Conjugate) #4414

Anti-Mouse

• Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab')₂ Fragment (Alexa Fluor^® 488 Conjugate) #4408
• Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab')₂ Fragment (Alexa Fluor^® 555 Conjugate) #4409
• Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab')₂ Fragment (Alexa Fluor^® 647 Conjugate) #4410

Anti-Rat

• Anti-Rat IgG (H+L), (Alexa Fluor^® 488 Conjugate) #4416
• Anti-Rat IgG (H+L), (Alexa Fluor^® 555 Conjugate) #4417
• Anti-Rat IgG (H+L), (Alexa Fluor^® 647 Conjugate) #4418