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4745
TRA-1-81 (TRA-1-81) Mouse mAb
Primary Antibodies
Monoclonal Antibody

TRA-1-81 (TRA-1-81) Mouse mAb #4745

Citations (36)
Filter:
  1. IHC
  2. IF
  3. F
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded NTERA (positive, left) and Jurkat (negative, right) cell pellets using TRA-1-81 (TRA-1-81) Mouse mAb.
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of NTERA-2 cells using TRA-1-81 (TRA-1-81) Mouse mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5® #4084 (fluorescent DNA dye).
Flow cytometric analysis of unpermeabilized Jurkat cells (blue) and unpermeabilized NCCIT cells (green) using TRA-1-81 (TRA-1-81) Mouse mAb.
To Purchase # 4745
Cat. # Size Qty. Price
4745S
100 µl

Supporting Data

REACTIVITY H
SENSITIVITY Endogenous
MW (kDa) 200-400
Source/Isotype Mouse IgM

Application Key:

  • WB-Western Blot
  • IP-Immunoprecipitation
  • IHC-Immunohistochemistry
  • ChIP-Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • C&R-CUT&RUN
  • C&T-CUT&Tag
  • DB-Dot Blot
  • eCLIP-eCLIP
  • IF-Immunofluorescence
  • F-Flow Cytometry

Species Cross-Reactivity Key:

  • H-Human
  • M-Mouse
  • R-Rat
  • Hm-Hamster
  • Mk-Monkey
  • Vir-Virus
  • Mi-Mink
  • C-Chicken
  • Dm-D. melanogaster
  • X-Xenopus
  • Z-Zebrafish
  • B-Bovine
  • Dg-Dog
  • Pg-Pig
  • Sc-S. cerevisiae
  • Ce-C. elegans
  • Hr-Horse
  • GP-Guinea Pig
  • Rab-Rabbit
  • All-All Species Expected

Product Usage Information

Application Dilution
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) 1:100
Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) 1:1000
Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized) 1:1600
Flow Cytometry (Live) 1:1600

Storage

Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.

Protocol

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Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)

A. Solutions and Reagents

NOTE: Prepare solutions with reverse osmosis deionized (RODI) or equivalent grade water.

  1. Xylene.
  2. Ethanol, anhydrous denatured, histological grade (100% and 95%).
  3. Deionized water (dH2O).
  4. Hematoxylin (optional).
  5. Wash Buffer:
    1. 1X Tris Buffered Saline with Tween® 20 (TBST): To prepare 1L 1X TBST add 100 ml 10X Tris Buffered Saline with Tween® 20 (#9997) to 900 ml dH20, mix.
  6. SignalStain® Antibody Diluent (#8112).
  7. 1X Citrate Unmasking Solution: To prepare 250 mL of 1X citrate unmasking solution, dilute 25 ml of SignalStain® Citrate Unmasking Solution (10X) (#14746) with 225 mL of dH2O.
  8. 3% Hydrogen Peroxide: To prepare 100 ml, add 10 ml 30% H2O2 to 90 ml dH2O.
  9. Blocking Solution: TBST/5% Normal Goat Serum or 1X Animal-Free Blocking Solution.
    1. TBST/5% Normal Goat Serum: to 5 ml 1X TBST, add 250 µl Normal Goat Serum (#5425).
    2. 1X Animal-Free Blocking Solution: to 4 mL of dH2O add 1 ml of Animal-Free Blocking Solution (5X) (#15019).
  10. Detection System: SignalStain® Boost IHC Detection Reagents (HRP, Mouse #8125).
  11. Substrate: SignalStain® DAB Substrate Kit (#8059).
  12. Hematoxylin: Hematoxylin (#14166).
  13. Mounting Medium: SignalStain® Mounting Medium (#14177).

B. Deparaffinization/Rehydration

NOTE: Do not allow slides to dry at any time during this procedure.

  1. Deparaffinize/hydrate sections:
    1. Incubate sections in three washes of xylene for 5 min each.
    2. Incubate sections in two washes of 100% ethanol for 10 min each.
    3. Incubate sections in two washes of 95% ethanol for 10 min each.
  2. Wash sections two times in dH2O for 5 min each.

C. Antigen Unmasking

For Citrate: Heat slides in a microwave submersed in 1X citrate unmasking solution until boiling is initiated; follow with 10 min at a sub-boiling temperature (95°-98°C). Cool slides on bench top for 30 min.

D. Staining

  1. Wash sections in dH2O three times for 5 min each.
  2. Incubate sections in 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10 min.
  3. Wash sections in dH2O two times for 5 min each.
  4. Wash sections in wash buffer for 5 min.
  5. Block each section with 100–400 µl of preferred blocking solution for 1 hr at room temperature.
  6. Remove blocking solution and add 100–400 µl primary antibody diluted in SignalStain® Antibody Diluent (#8112) to each section. Incubate overnight at 4°C.
  7. Equilibrate SignalStain® Boost Detection Reagent (HRP, Mouse #8125) to room temperature.
  8. Remove antibody solution and wash sections with wash buffer three times for 5 min each.
  9. Cover section with 1–3 drops SignalStain® Boost Detection Reagent (HRP, Mouse #8125) as needed. Incubate in a humidified chamber for 30 min at room temperature.
  10. Wash sections three times with wash buffer for 5 min each.
  11. Add 1 drop (30 µl) SignalStain® DAB Chromogen Concentrate to 1 ml SignalStain® DAB Diluent and mix well before use.
  12. Apply 100–400 µl SignalStain® DAB to each section and monitor closely. 1–10 min generally provides an acceptable staining intensity.
  13. Immerse slides in dH2O.
  14. If desired, counterstain sections with hematoxylin (#14166).
  15. Wash sections in dH2O two times for 5 min each.
  16. Dehydrate sections:
    1. Incubate sections in 95% ethanol two times for 10 sec each.
    2. Repeat in 100% ethanol, incubating sections two times for 10 sec each.
    3. Repeat in xylene, incubating sections two times for 10 sec each.
  17. Mount sections with coverslips and mounting medium (#14177).

DETECTION REAGENT/SUBSTRATE COMPATIBILITY
RECOMMENDED
DETECTION REAGENTS
SignalStain® Boost IHC Detection Reagent (HRP, Mouse) #8125 SignalStain® Boost IHC Detection Reagent (AP, Mouse) #31926
COMPATIBLE
CHROMOGEN
SignalStain® DAB Substrate Kit #8059 SignalStain® Vibrant Red Alkaline Phosphatase Substrate Kit #76713
SignalStain® Vivid Purple Peroxidase Substrate Kit #96632 SignalStain® Ultra Blue Alkaline Phosphatase Substrate Kit #12824
SignalStain® Deep Black Peroxidase Substrate Kit #72986  
SignalStain® Radiant Yellow Peroxidase Substrate Kit #69644  

NOTE: Use of detection reagents other than those specified in this protocol may require further optimization of the primary antibody to account for the different sensitivities of the detection reagents.


posted February 2010

revised June 2020

Protocol Id: 280

Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)

A. Solutions and Reagents

NOTE: Prepare solutions with reverse osmosis deionized (RODI) or equivalently purified water.

  1. 20X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): (9808) To prepare 1L 1X PBS: add 50 ml 20X PBS to 950 ml dH2O, mix. Adjust pH to 8.0.
  2. Formaldehyde: 16%, methanol free, Polysciences, Inc. (cat# 18814), use fresh and store opened vials at 4°C in dark, dilute in 1X PBS for use.
  3. Blocking Buffer (1X PBS / 5% normal serum): To prepare 10 ml, add 0.5 ml 20X PBS, 1.25 ml normal serum from the same species as the secondary antibody (e.g., Normal Goat Serum (#5425)) and 9.0 mL dH2O and mix well.
  4. Antibody Dilution Buffer (1X PBS / 1% BSA): Add 0.1 g BSA (9998) to 10 ml 1X PBS and mix well.
  5. Recommended Fluorochrome-conjugated Anti-Mouse secondary antibodies:

    NOTE: When using any primary or fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody for the first time, titrate the antibody to determine which dilution allows for the strongest specific signal with the least background for your sample.

  6. Prolong® Gold AntiFade Reagent (#9071), Prolong® Gold AntiFade Reagent with DAPI (#8961).

B. Specimen Preparation - Cultured Cell Lines (IF-IC)

NOTE: Cells should be grown, treated, fixed and stained directly in multi-well plates, chamber slides or on coverslips.

  1. Aspirate liquid, then cover cells to a depth of 2–3 mm with 4% formaldehyde in 1X PBS.
    NOTE: Formaldehyde is toxic, use only in fume hood.
  2. Allow cells to fix for 15 minutes at room temperature.
  3. Aspirate fixative, rinse three times in 1X PBS for 5 minutes each.
  4. Proceed with Immunostaining (Section C).

C. Immunostaining

NOTE: All subsequent incubations should be carried out at room temperature unless otherwise noted in a humid light-tight box or covered dish/plate to prevent drying and fluorochrome fading.

  1. Block specimen in Blocking Buffer for 60 minutes.
  2. While blocking, prepare primary antibody by diluting as indicated on product webpage in Antibody Dilution Buffer.
  3. Aspirate blocking solution, apply diluted primary antibody.
  4. Incubate overnight at 4°C.
  5. Rinse three times in 1X PBS for 5 minutes each.
  6. Incubate specimen in fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody diluted in Antibody Dilution Buffer for 1–2 hours at room temperature in dark.
  7. Rinse in 1X PBS as in step 5.
  8. Coverslip slides with Prolong® Gold Antifade Reagent (#9071), Prolong® Gold AntiFade Reagent with DAPI (#8961).
  9. For best results, examine specimens immediately using appropriate excitation wavelength. For long-term storage, store slides flat at 4°C protected from light.

posted December 2010

Protocol Id: 144

Flow Cytometry Triton™ X-100 Permeabilization Protocol for Mouse Antibodies

A. Solutions and Reagents

All reagents required for this protocol may be efficiently purchased together in our Intracellular Flow Cytometry Kit (Triton™ X-100) #51995, or individually using the catalog numbers listed below.

NOTE: Prepare solutions with reverse osmosis deionized (RODI) or equivalent grade water.

  1. 1X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): To prepare 1 L 1X PBS: add 100 ml 10X PBS (#12528) to 900 ml water, mix.
  2. 4% Formaldehyde, Methanol-Free (#47746)
  3. Cell Permeabilization Buffer: Purchase ready-to-use (#39487) or to prepare 10 ml, add 30 µl Triton™ X-100 to 10 ml Antibody Dilution Buffer. Store at 4°C.
  4. Antibody Dilution Buffer: Purchase ready-to-use Flow Cytometry Antibody Dilution Buffer (#13616), or to prepare 100 ml dissolve 0.5 g Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) (#9998) in 100 ml 1X PBS. Store at 4°C.
  5. Recommended Anti-Mouse secondary antibodies:
    • Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab′)2 Fragment (Alexa® 488 Conjugate) #4408
    • Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab′)2 Fragment (Alexa® 594 Conjugate) #8890
    • Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab′)2 Fragment (Alexa® 647 Conjugate) #4410
    • Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), F(ab′)2 Fragment (PE Conjugate) #59997

NOTE: When including fluorescent cellular dyes in your experiment (including viability dyes, DNA dyes, etc.), please refer to the dye product page for the recommended protocol. Visit www.cellsignal.com for a full listing of cellular dyes validated for use in flow cytometry.

B. Fixation and Permeabilization

NOTE: Adherent cells or tissue should be dissociated and in single-cell suspension prior to fixation.

NOTE: Optimal centrifugation conditions will vary depending upon cell type and reagent volume. Generally, 150-300g for 1-5 minutes will be sufficient to pellet the cells.

NOTE: If using whole blood, lyse red blood cells and wash by centrifugation prior to fixation.

NOTE: Antibodies targeting CD markers or other extracellular proteins may be added prior to fixation if the epitope is disrupted by formaldehyde and/or Triton™ X-100. The antibodies will remain bound to the target of interest during the fixation and permeabilization process. Conduct a small-scale experiment if you are unsure.

  1. Pellet cells by centrifugation and remove supernatant.
  2. Resuspend cells in approximately 100 µl 4% formaldehyde per 1 million cells. Mix well to dissociate pellet and prevent cross-linking of individual cells.
  3. Fix for 15 min at room temperature (20-25°C).
  4. Wash by centrifugation with excess 1X PBS. Discard supernatant in appropriate waste container.
  5. Resuspend cells in approximately 100 µl Cell Permeabilization Buffer per million cells.
  6. Incubate for 10 minutes at room temperature.
  7. Proceed with staining or store cells at 4°C in PBS overnight.

C. Immunostaining

NOTE: Count cells using a hemocytometer or alternative method.

  1. Aliquot desired number of cells into tubes or wells. (Generally, 5x105 to 1x106 cells per assay).
  2. Centrifuge cells and discard supernatant.
  3. Resuspend cells in 100 µl of diluted primary antibody, prepared in Antibody Dilution Buffer at a recommended dilution or as determined via titration.
  4. Incubate for 1 hr at room temperature (20-25°C).
  5. Wash by centrifugation in Antibody Dilution Buffer or 1X PBS. Discard supernatant. Repeat.
  6. Resuspend cells in 100 µl of diluted fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody (prepared in Antibody Dilution Buffer at recommended dilution).
  7. Incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature (20-25°C). Protect from light.
  8. Wash by centrifugation in Antibody Dilution Buffer or 1X PBS. Discard supernatant. Repeat.
  9. Resuspend cells in 1X PBS and analyze on flow cytometer.

posted January 2017

revised June 2020

Protocol Id: 1345

Flow Cytometry, Extracellular Epitope Protocol for Mouse Antibodies

A. Solutions and Reagents

NOTE: Prepare solutions with reverse osmosis deionized (RODI) or equivalent grade water.

  1. 1X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS): To prepare 1 L 1X PBS: add 100 ml 10X PBS (#12528) to 900 ml water, mix.
  2. 4% Formaldehyde, Methanol-free (#47746), Optional
  3. Antibody Dilution Buffer: Purchase ready-to-use Flow Cytometry Antibody Dilution Buffer (#13616), or prepare a 0.5% BSA PBS buffer by dissolving 0.5 g Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) (#9998) in 100 ml 1X PBS. Store at 4°C.
  4. Recommended Anti-Mouse secondary antibodies:

NOTE: When including fluorescent cellular dyes in your experiment (including viability dyes, DNA dyes, etc.), please refer to the dye product page for the recommended protocol. Visit www.cellsignal.com for a full listing of cellular dyes validated for use in flow cytometry.

NOTE: Optimal centrifugation conditions will vary depending upon cell type and reagent volume. Generally, 150-300g for 1-5 minutes will be sufficient to pellet the cells.

B. Fixation

NOTE: If live cell staining is desired, proceed to Section C.

  1. Pellet cells by centrifugation and remove supernatant.
  2. Resuspend cells in approximately 100 µl 4% formaldehyde per 1 million cells. Mix well to dissociate pellet and prevent cross-linking of individual cells.
  3. Fix for 15 min at room temperature (20-25°C).
  4. Wash by centrifugation with excess 1X PBS. Discard supernatant in appropriate waste container. Resuspend cells in 1X PBS.

C. Immunostaining

NOTE: Count cells using a hemocytometer or alternative method.

  1. Aliquot desired number of cells into tubes or wells. (Generally, 5x105 to 1x106 cells per assay.)
  2. Pellet cells by centrifugation and remove supernatant.
  3. Resuspend cells in 100 µl of diluted primary antibody, prepared in Antibody Dilution Buffer at the recommended dilution.
  4. Incubate for 30-60 minutes at room temperature (20-25°C).
  5. Wash by centrifugation in Antibody Dilution Buffer. Discard supernatant. Repeat.
  6. Resuspend cells in 100 µl of diluted fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody, prepared in Antibody Dilution Buffer at the recommended dilution.
  7. Incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature.
  8. Wash by centrifugation in incubation buffer. Discard supernatant. Repeat.
  9. Resuspend cells in 200-500 µl of 1X PBS and analyze on flow cytometer.

posted January 2009

revised June 2020

Protocol Id: 36

Specificity / Sensitivity

TRA-1-81 detects endogenous levels of TRA-1-81 antigen.

Species Reactivity:

Human

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with human embryonal carcinoma 2102Ep cl.2A6 cells.

Background

TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81 antibodies detect antigens present on the surface of human stem, teratocarcinoma, and embryonic germ cells (1). TRA-1-60(S) reacts with a neuraminidase sensitive epitope of a proteoglycan (2,3), while TRA-1-81 reacts with a neuraminidase insensitive epitope on the same antigen. Recently this antigen has been proposed to be a form of the protein podocalyxin (4). TRA-1-60 is also detected in the serum of patients with germ cell tumors (5,6).

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