FC-L
H
Endogenous
Mouse IgG1 kappa
#P10747
940
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Flow Cytometry (Live) | 1:20 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human
Source / Purification
This monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant via affinity chromatography. The purified antibody was conjugated under optimal conditions, with unreacted dye removed from the preparation.
Product Description
Background
CD28 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T cells as well as some other hematopoietic cells (1, 2). T cell activation requires T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of antigen presented in the context of MHC molecules. CD28 acts as a T cell costimulatory receptor, and interaction of CD28 with its ligands CD80 or CD86 provides the second signal required for naïve T cell activation (3-5). Activation of naïve T cells in the absence of CD28 stimulation can result in a state of T cell anergy, or unresponsiveness (3). CD28 signals through cytoplasmic phospho-tyrosine motifs that bind several SH2 or SH3 domain-containing proteins involved in T cell activation (2). Recently, CD28 was demonstrated to be a preferred target of PD-1-mediated dephosphorylation. Consistently, CD28 expression was required for T cell proliferation following PD-1 blockade and CD28 stimulation was required for effective anti-PD-1 cancer immunotherapy in mice (6, 7). Several CD28 isoforms are produced by alternative splicing (8).
- Aruffo, A. and Seed, B. (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84, 8573-7.
- Esensten, J.H. et al. (2016) Immunity 44, 973-88.
- Harding, F.A. et al. (1992) Nature 356, 607-9.
- Azuma, M. et al. (1993) Nature 366, 76-9.
- Linsley, P.S. et al. (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87, 5031-5.
- Hui, E. et al. (2017) Science 355, 1428-1433.
- Kamphorst, A.O. et al. (2017) Science 355, 1423-1427.
- Magistrelli, G. et al. (1999) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 259, 34-7.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Applications Key
FC-L: Flow Cytometry (Live)
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
Limited Uses
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