Revision 1
#86907
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For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.
MW (kDa):
25
UniProt ID:
#O95390
Entrez-Gene Id:
10220
Background
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), also known as BMP-11, belongs to the BMP family of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily and is very closely related to GDF8 (5). GDF11 plays a critical role in neurogenesis and mesodermal formation in early stages of development and is a key negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass (5-7). With age, GDF11 levels decline. Administration of high levels of GDF11 can result in age-related cardiac hypertrophy to be reversed (8). Additionally, administration of high levels of GDF11 is shown to have effects demonstrating the ability to restore regenerative functions, including muscle aging, reversal of age-related skeletal muscle and stem cell dysfunction, and enhanced neurogenesis (9,10).
Endotoxin
Purity
Source / Purification
Bioactivity
Background References
- Wang, E.A. et al. (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85, 9484-8.
- Wozney, J.M. et al. (1988) Science 242, 1528-34.
- Kawabata, M. et al. (1998) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 9, 49-61.
- Nohe, A. et al. (2004) Cell Signal 16, 291-9.
- Gamer, L.W. et al. (1999) Dev Biol 208, 222-32.
- Souza, T.A. et al. (2008) Mol Endocrinol 22, 2689-702.
- Sako, D. et al. (2010) J Biol Chem 285, 21037-48.
- Loffredo, F.S. et al. (2013) Cell 153, 828-39.
- Katsimpardi, L. et al. (2014) Science 344, 630-4.
- Sinha, M. et al. (2014) Science 344, 649-52.
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