WB
H M R
Endogenous
38
Rabbit IgG
#P55771
5083
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology
The antigen sequence used to produce this antibody shares
100% sequence homology with the species listed here, but
reactivity has not been tested or confirmed to work by CST.
Use of this product with these species is not covered under
our
Product Performance Guarantee.
Monkey
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Asp141 of human PAX9 protein.
Background
Paired box (PAX) proteins are a family of transcription factors that play important and diverse roles in animal development (1). Nine PAX proteins (PAX1-9) have been described in humans and other mammals. They are defined by the presence of an amino-terminal "paired" domain, consisting of two helix-turn-helix motifs, with DNA binding activity (2). PAX proteins are classified into four structurally distinct subgroups (I-IV) based on the absence or presence of a carboxy-terminal homeodomain and a central octapeptide region. Subgroup I (PAX1 and 9) contains the octapeptide but lacks the homeodomain; subgroup II (PAX2, 5, and 8) contains the octapeptide and a truncated homeodomain; subgroup III (PAX3 and 7) contains the octapeptide and a complete homeodomain; and subgroup IV (PAX4 and 6) contains a complete homeodomain but lacks the octapeptide region (2). PAX proteins play critically important roles in development by regulating transcriptional networks responsible for embryonic patterning and organogenesis (3); a subset of PAX proteins also maintain functional importance during postnatal development (4). Research studies have implicated genetic mutations that result in aberrant expression of PAX genes in a number of cancer subtypes (1-3), with members of subgroups II and III identified as potential mediators of tumor progression (2).
PAX9 is expressed in pharyngeal arch mesenchyme (5,6), and is essential for embryonic development of the teeth and other pharyngeal arch derivatives (5,7). In mice, deletion of PAX9 results in an absence of structures derived from the pharyngeal pouches (e.g. thymus, parathyroid glands) (5), while in humans, PAX9 mutations are frequently associated with congenital tooth agenesis syndromes such as oligodontia and hypodontia (8,9). PAX9 appears to interact with other transcription factors (e.g. MSX1) to regulate the expression of BMP-family proteins (e.g. BMP4) that orchestrate pharyngeal arch development (10,11). Increased expression of PAX9, resulting from amplification at the PAX9 locus, has also been linked in research studies to an increased incidence of lung cancer (12).
- Lang, D. et al. (2007) Biochem Pharmacol 73, 1-14.
- Robson, E.J. et al. (2006) Nat Rev Cancer 6, 52-62.
- Wang, Q. et al. (2008) J Cell Mol Med 12, 2281-94.
- Blake, J.A. et al. (2008) Dev Dyn 237, 2791-803.
- Peters, H. et al. (1998) Genes Dev 12, 2735-47.
- Peters, H. et al. (1998) Eur J Oral Sci 106 Suppl 1, 38-43.
- Hetzer-Egger, C. et al. (2002) Eur J Immunol 32, 1175-81.
- Bergendal, B. et al. (2011) Am J Med Genet A 155A, 1616-22.
- Suda, N. et al. (2011) J Dent Res 90, 382-6.
- Nakatomi, M. et al. (2010) Dev Biol 340, 438-49.
- Wang, Y. et al. (2011) J Dent Res 90, 311-6.
- Kendall, J. et al. (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104, 16663-8.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v nonfat dry milk, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
Limited Uses
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