WB, IF-IC
H
Endogenous
80
Rabbit
#P12757
6498
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
| Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) | 1:50 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human
Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology
The antigen sequence used to produce this antibody shares
100% sequence homology with the species listed here, but
reactivity has not been tested or confirmed to work by CST.
Use of this product with these species is not covered under
our
Product Performance Guarantee.
Monkey
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser431 of human SnoN protein. Antibodies were purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Background
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily members are critical regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation, developmental patterning and morphogenesis and disease pathogenesis (1-3). Upon stimulation by TGF-β, activated receptors phosphorylate Smad2 and Smad3, resulting in their translocation to the nucleus, association with Smad4 and transcriptional regulation of target genes (4). Ski and SnoN are related oncoproteins originally discovered based on homology to v-Ski, the transforming protein of the Sloan-Kettering virus (5). They regulate TGF-β signaling by binding to Smad2 and Smad4 and repressing their ability to activate transcription (6). Following TGF-β stimulation, SnoN is rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway providing negative feedback regulation (6-9). Overexpression of SnoN and Ski can transform avian fibroblasts and induce muscle differentiation (10). Mice heterozygous for SnoN and Ski display increased susceptibility to tumorigenesis (11,12). Interestingly, elevated expression of Ski and SnoN has been observed in many tumors and may serve as important prognostic markers (13,14). Taken together, these studies suggest possible dual functions of these proteins at different stages of tumorigenesis (15).
- Massagué, J. et al. (2000) Cell 103, 295-309.
- de Caestecker, M.P. et al. (2000) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92, 1388-1402.
- Derynck, R. et al. (2001) Nat. Genet. 29, 117-129.
- Miyazono, K. et al. (2000) Adv. Immunol. 75, 115-157.
- Nomura, N. et al. (1989) Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 5489-5500.
- Stroschein, S.L. et al. (1999) Science 286, 771-774.
- Bonni, S. et al. (2001) Nat. Cell Biol. 3, 587-595.
- Stroschein, S.L. et al. (2001) Genes Dev. 15, 2822-2836.
- Wan, Y. et al. (2001) Mol. Cell 8, 1027-1039.
- Boyer, P.L. et al. (1993) Oncogene 8, 457-466.
- Shinagawa, T. et al. (2001) Oncogene 20, 8100-8108.
- Shinagawa, T. et al. (2000) EMBO J. 19, 2280-2291.
- Zhang, F. et al. (2003) Cancer Res. 63, 5005-5010.
- Buess, M. et al. (2004) Neoplasia 6, 207-212.
- Zhu, Q. et al. (2007) Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 324-339.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting IF-IC: Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry)
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
Limited Uses
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