WB
All
Endogenous
Rabbit IgG
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
All Species Expected
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide containing CML/CEL flanked by degenerate amino acids at positions N- and C-terminal to the modified lysine.
Background
Carboxymethyl lysine (CML) and carboxyethyl lysine (CEL) are two protein post-translational modifications that arise from non-enzymatic pathways and represent examples of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (1). The association between CML/CEL levels with glucose and oxidant stress levels underlies the use of these modifications as biomarkers for various disease conditions, including diabetes and osteoporosis (2). The Maillard reaction between monosaccharides and lysines can form a Schiff base intermediate that rearranges to become CML/CEL. In addition, fragmentation of the Schiff base intermediate and oxidation of amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids produce reactive species, such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal, which react with lysine to form CML/CEL. While CML/CEL exists as free and protein-incorporated forms, in vitro treatment with protein-incorporated CML/CEL in particular induces diverse effects, including reduced serotonin release in gastric cells, impaired calcium homeostasis in cardiac cells, and increased reactive oxygen intermediates in endothelial cells (3-5). These processes depend on receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v nonfat dry milk, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
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