WB
H M R
Endogenous
9, 15, 17, 19, 23
Rabbit IgG
#P01344
3481
Product Information
Product Usage Information
Application | Dilution |
---|---|
Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Specificity / Sensitivity
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Cys84 of human IGF-II protein.
Background
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-II, IGF-2) is a peptide growth factor with structural similarity to insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). IGF-II is reported to interact with multiple cell-surface receptors, including type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R), insulin receptor A isoform (IR-A), and the structurally distinct type-2 IGF receptor (IGF2R) (1,2). Activation of IGF1R and IR-A by IGF-II promotes cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic signaling (3,4); binding of IGF-II to IGF2R (a.k.a. mannose 6-phosphate receptor) results in IGF-II internalization via receptor-mediated endocytosis, and subsequent transport to the lysosome for degradation (5). Serum IGF-II is generally found in complex with insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), to which it binds with high affinity; this interaction functions to prolong the half-life of IGF-II in circulation (3). IGF-II plays a particularly crucial role in promoting embryonic fetal growth and development (6-9); in rodents, many of these functions are displaced by IGF-I during normal postnatal development, whereas in humans, IGF-II expression is more widely maintained (10). Binding of IGF-II to both IGF1R and IR-A has been shown to promote cancer progression, primarily through promoting cell proliferation and survival (11,12). Small molecules designed to block IGF-II activity are thus being pursued as therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment (13).
- Blyth, A. et al. (2022) Sci Rep 12, 4695.
- Blyth, A.J. et al. (2020) Cells 9, 2276. doi: 10.3390/cells9102276.
- LeRoith, D. et al. (2021) Mol Metab 52, 101245.
- Holly, J.M.P. et al. (2019) Cells 8, 1207. doi: 10.3390/cells8101207.
- Brown, J. et al. (2008) EMBO J 27, 265-76.
- DeChiara, T.M. et al. (1990) Nature 345, 78-80.
- Engström, W. et al. (1998) Cell Prolif 31, 173-89.
- O'Kusky, J. and Ye, P. (2012) Front Neuroendocrinol 33, 230-51.
- Gardner, S. et al. (2011) Mol Endocrinol 25, 128-37.
- LeRoith, D. and Roberts, C.T. (2003) Cancer Lett 195, 127-37.
- Halje, M. et al. (2012) In Vivo 26, 519-26.
- Scalia, P. et al. (2020) Cancers (Basel) 12, 366. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020366.
- Chen, Y.M. et al. (2020) Cells 9, 1098. doi: 10.3390/cells9051098.
Species Reactivity
Species reactivity is determined by testing in at least one approved application (e.g., western blot).
Western Blot Buffer
IMPORTANT: For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight.
Applications Key
WB: Western Blotting
Cross-Reactivity Key
H: human M: mouse R: rat Hm: hamster Mk: monkey Vir: virus Mi: mink C: chicken Dm: D. melanogaster X: Xenopus Z: zebrafish B: bovine Dg: dog Pg: pig Sc: S. cerevisiae Ce: C. elegans Hr: horse GP: Guinea Pig Rab: rabbit All: all species expected
Trademarks and Patents
Limited Uses
Except as otherwise expressly agreed in a writing signed by a legally authorized representative of CST, the following terms apply to Products provided by CST, its affiliates or its distributors. Any Customer's terms and conditions that are in addition to, or different from, those contained herein, unless separately accepted in writing by a legally authorized representative of CST, are rejected and are of no force or effect.
Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.