Sandwich ELISA Protocol
A Reagent Preparation
- Bring all microwell strips to room temperature before use.
- Prepare 1X Wash Buffer by diluting 20X wash buffer (included in each Pathscan® Sandwich ELISA Kit) in Milli-Q or equivalently purified water.
- 1X Cell Lysis Buffer from CST #9803: 20 mM Tris (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA), 1 mM ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethyl)-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), 1% Triton X-100, 2.5 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 1 mM β-glycerophosphate, 1 mM Na3VO4, 1μg/ml leupeptin. This buffer can be stored at 4°C for short-term use (1–2 weeks).
B Preparing Cell Lysates
- Aspirate media. Treat cells by adding fresh media containing regulator for desired time.
- To harvest cells under nondenaturing conditions, remove media and rinse cells once with ice-cold PBS.
- Remove PBS and add 0.5 ml ice-cold 1X Cell Lysis Buffer plus 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) to each plate (10 cm2) and incubate the plate on ice for 5 minutes.
- Scrape cells off the plate and transfer to an appropriate tube. Keep on ice.
- Sonicate lysates on ice.
- Microcentrifuge for 10 minutes at 4°C and transfer the supernatant to a new tube. The supernatant is the cell lysate. Store at –80°C in single-use aliquots.
C Test Procedure
- After the microwell strips have reached room temperature, break off the required number of microwells. Place the microwells in the strip holder. Unused microwells must be resealed and stored at 4°C immediately.
- Add 100 μl of Sample Diluent (supplied in each Pathscan® Sandwich ELISA Kit, blue color) to a microcentrifuge tube. Transfer 100 μl of cell lysate into the tube and vortex for a few seconds. (Sample applied to the well can be diluted 1:1 when the suggested cell lysis buffer is used for cell extraction.) Individual data sheets for each kit provide information regarding an appropriate dilution factor for lysates and kit assay results.
- Add 100 μl of each diluted cell lysate to the appropriate well. Seal with tape and press firmly onto top of microwells. Incubate the plate for 2 hours at 37°C. Alternatively, the plate can be incubated overnight at 4°C, which gives the best detection of target protein.
- Gently remove the tape and wash wells:
- Discard plate contents into a receptacle.
- Wash 4 times with 1X Wash Buffer, 200 μl each time for each well.
- For each wash, strike plates on fresh towels hard enough to remove the residual solution in each well, but do not allow wells to completely dry at any time.
- Clean the underside of all wells with a lint-free tissue.
- Add 100 μl of Detection Antibody (green color) to each well. Seal with tape and incubate the plate for 1 hour at 37°C.
- Repeat wash procedure as in Step C4.
- Add 100 μl of HRP-Linked secondary antibody (red color) to each well. Seal with tape and incubate the plate for 30 minutes at 37°C.
- Repeat wash procedure as in Step C4.
- Add 100 μl of TMB Substrate to each well. Seal with tape and incubate the plate for 10 minutes at 37°C or 30 minutes at 25°C.
- Add 100 μl of STOP Solution to each well. Shake gently for a few seconds.
NOTE: Initial color of positive reaction is blue, which changes to yellow upon addition of STOP Solution.
- Read results.
- Visual Determination — Read within 30 minutes after adding STOP Solution.
- Spectrophotometric Determination — Wipe underside of wells with a lint-free tissue. Read absorbance at 450 nm within 30 minutes after adding STOP Solution.
posted June 2005