mTOR Antibodies

Target Information

an atypical kinase belonging to the PIKK family of kinases. A central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. Is the catalytic subunit of two structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. It phosphorylates 4EBP1, releasing its inhibition of elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E); RPS6KB1 and -2, promoting protein synthesis by modulating the activity of their downstream targets including ribosomal protein S6, eukaryotic translation initiation factor EIF4B, and the inhibitor of translation initiation PDCD4. Stimulates ribosome synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting MAF1, an RNA polymerase III-repressor. mTORC1 negatively regulates autophagy through phosphorylation of ULK1. Also prevents autophagy through phosphorylation of the autophagy inhibitor DAP. It exerts negative feedback regulation on upstream growth factor signaling by phosphorylating and activating GRB10, an inhibitor of insulin, EGF and PDGF signaling. mTORC1 contains Raptor, a positive regulatory subunit and scaffold for recruiting substrates, two negative regulators, PRAS40 and DEPTOR, and mLST8; it is a target for the cell-cycle arrest and immunosuppressive effects of the FKBP12-rapamycin complex. mTORC2 is insensitive to rapamycin, and is a downstream effector of PI3K, regulating cellular processes including survival and organization of the cytoskeleton. Phosphorylates Ser473 of AKT1, a pro-survival effector of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and Ser422 of SGK1, inhibiting apoptosis. Regulates osteoclastogenesis by adjusting the expression of CEBPB isoforms. Plays an important regulatory role in the circadian clock function; regulates period length and rhythm amplitude of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and liver clocks. mTORC2 contains regulatory subunits Rictor and mSIN1, PROTOR, mLST8, and the negative regulator DEPTOR. mTORC1 suppresses PI3K activity via a strong negative feedback loop that involves S6K1. Inhibiting mTORC1 ablates this negative feedback loop and potentiates PI3K signaling. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.

Alternate Names

2610315D21Rik; AI327068; angiopoietin-like factor CDT6; FK506 binding protein 12-rapamycin associated protein 1; FK506 binding protein 12-rapamycin associated protein 2; FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1; FKBP-rapamycin associated protein; FKBP-rapamycin associated protein (FRAP); FKBP-rapamycin-associated protein FRAP; FKBP12-rapamycin complex-associated protein; FKBP12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1; flat; FLJ44809; FRAP; Frap; FRAP1; Frap1; FRAP2; Mammalian target of rapamycin; Mechanistic target of rapamycin; mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase); mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MGC118056; mTOR; OTTMUSP00000011776; RAF; RAFT1; rapamycin and FKBP12 target 1; rapamycin associated protein FRAP2; Rapamycin target protein 1; RAPT1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; SKS