Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) (D85B4) XP^® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor^® 647 Conjugate) #66070

Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) (D85B4) XP^® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 647 Conjugate) detects endogenous levels of histone H3 only when di-methylated on Lys9. The antibody does not cross-react with non-methylated, mono-methylated or tri-methylated Histone H3 Lys9. In addition, the antibody does not cross-react with histone H3 di-methylated on Lys4, Lys27, or Lys36 and histone H4 di-methylated on Lys20.

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino terminus of histone H3 in which Lys9 is di-methylated.

This Cell Signaling Technology antibody is conjugated to Alexa Fluor^® 647 fluorescent dye and tested in-house for direct flow cytometric analysis in human cells. This antibody is expected to exhibit the same species cross-reactivity as the unconjugated Di-Methyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) (D85B4) XP^® Rabbit mAb #4658.

The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. Originally thought to function as a static scaffold for DNA packaging, histones have now been shown to be dynamic proteins, undergoing multiple types of post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination (1). Histone methylation is a major determinant for the formation of active and inactive regions of the genome and is crucial for the proper programming of the genome during development (2,3). Arginine methylation of histones H3 (Arg2, 17, 26) and H4 (Arg3) promotes transcriptional activation and is mediated by a family of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), including the co-activators PRMT1 and CARM1 (PRMT4) (4). In contrast, a more diverse set of histone lysine methyltransferases has been identified, all but one of which contain a conserved catalytic SET domain originally identified in the Drosophila Su(var)3-9, Enhancer of zeste, and Trithorax proteins. Lysine methylation occurs primarily on histones H3 (Lys4, 9, 27, 36, 79) and H4 (Lys20) and has been implicated in both transcriptional activation and silencing (4). Methylation of these lysine residues coordinates the recruitment of chromatin modifying enzymes containing methyl-lysine binding modules such as chromodomains (HP1, PRC1), PHD fingers (BPTF, ING2), tudor domains (53BP1), and WD-40 domains (WDR5) (5-8). The discovery of histone demethylases such as PADI4, LSD1, JMJD1, JMJD2, and JHDM1 has shown that methylation is a reversible epigenetic marker (9).

1.  Peterson, C.L. and Laniel, M.A. (2004) Curr Biol 14, R546-51.

2.  Kubicek, S. et al. (2006) Ernst Schering Res Found Workshop , 1-27.

3.  Lin, W. and Dent, S.Y. (2006) Curr Opin Genet Dev 16, 137-42.

4.  Lee, D.Y. et al. (2005) Endocr Rev 26, 147-70.

5.  Daniel, J.A. et al. (2005) Cell Cycle 4, 919-26.

6.  Shi, X. et al. (2006) Nature 442, 96-9.

7.  Wysocka, J. et al. (2006) Nature 442, 86-90.

8.  Wysocka, J. et al. (2005) Cell 121, 859-872.

9.  Trojer, P. and Reinberg, D. (2006) Cell 125, 213-7.

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