STING (E9X7F) Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) #78827
- IF
- F
Supporting Data
| REACTIVITY | H M |
| SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
| MW (kDa) | |
| Source/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
Application Key:
- IF-Immunofluorescence
- F-Flow Cytometry
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- H-Human
- M-Mouse
Product Information
Product Description
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Immunofluorescence (Frozen) | 1:100 - 1:400 |
| Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) | 1:1600 - 1:3200 |
| Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized) | 1:1600 |
Storage
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
STING (E9X7F) Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) recognizes endogenous levels of total STING protein. STING (E9X7F) Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) lacks sensitivity in some low-expressing mouse cell lines by immunofluorescence. This lack of sensitivity has not been observed in human cell lines.
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with human STING recombinant protein and reacts with an epitope near the carboxy terminus.
Background
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING, TMEM173, MITA) is a transmembrane adaptor protein that is a critical component of the cellular innate immune response to pathogenic cytoplasmic DNA (1,2). STING is a ubiquitously expressed protein found predominantly in the ER (1). The enzyme cGAMP synthase (cGAS) produces the second messenger cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) in response to cytoplasmic DNA (3,4). cGAMP binds and activates STING (3,4). In addition, detection of cytoplasmic DNA by nucleic acid sensors, including DDX41 or IFI16, results in STING activation (5,6). Following activation, STING translocates with TBK1 to perinuclear endosomes and gets phosphorylated by ULK1 at Ser366 (Ser365 in mouse) (7,8). The TBK1 kinase phosphorylates and activates IRF-3 and NF-κB, which leads to the induction of type I interferon and other immune response genes (1,2,7).
- Ishikawa, H. and Barber, G.N. (2008) Nature 455, 674-8.
- Zhong, B. et al. (2008) Immunity 29, 538-50.
- Sun, L. et al. (2013) Science 339, 786-91.
- Wu, J. et al. (2013) Science 339, 826-30.
- Zhang, Z. et al. (2011) Nat Immunol 12, 959-65.
- Unterholzner, L. et al. (2010) Nat Immunol 11, 997-1004.
- Ishikawa, H. et al. (2009) Nature 461, 788-92.
- Konno, H. et al. (2013) Cell 155, 688-98.
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