β-Amyloid Mouse Model Neuronal Viability IF Antibody Sampler Kit #41608
Product Information
Kit Usage Information
Protocols
- 3450: Western Blotting, Immunofluorescence
- 3892: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation (Magnetic), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunofluorescence, Immunofluorescence, Flow
- 8243: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation (Agarose), Immunofluorescence
- 9020: Immunofluorescence
- 9661: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation (Agarose), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunofluorescence, Flow
- 15126: Western Blotting, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunofluorescence
- 24307: Western Blotting, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunofluorescence
- 34001: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation (Agarose), Immunofluorescence, Immunofluorescence
- 94885: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation (Agarose), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunofluorescence, Flow
Product Description
Specificity / Sensitivity
Each antibody in the β-Amyloid Mouse Model Neuronal Viability IF Antibody Sampler Kit detects endogenous levels of its target protein. β-Amyloid (D54D2) XP® Rabbit mAb and β-Amyloid (D3D2N) Mouse mAb detect several isoforms of Aβ, such as Aβ-37, Aβ-38, Aβ-39, Aβ-40, and Aβ-42, and they also detect transgenically expressed human APP in mouse models. Cleaved PARP (Asp214) (D6X6X) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of the large fragment (89 kDa) of PARP protein only when cleaved at Asp214. HS1 (D5A9) XP® Rabbit mAb (Rodent Specific) does not recognize human HS1 protein. HS1 has a calculated size of 54 kDa, but has an apparent molecular weight of 80 kDa on SDS-PAGE gels. Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) Antibody detects endogenous levels of the large fragment (17/19 kDa) of activated caspase-3 resulting from cleavage adjacent to Asp175. This antibody does not recognize full length caspase-3 or other cleaved caspases. This antibody detects non-specific caspase substrates by western blot. Non-specific labeling may be observed by immunofluorescence in specific sub-types of healthy cells in fixed-frozen tissues (e.g. pancreatic alpha-cells). Nuclear background may be observed in rat and monkey samples.
Source / Purification
Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino terminus of human β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), residues surrounding Gln53 of human PSD95, Asp214 of rodent PARP1, Leu310 of mouse HS1, amino-terminal residues adjacent to Asp175 of human caspase-3, recombinant protein specific to the carboxy terminus of human SYP protein and the amino terminus of human NeuN, and native GFAP purified from pig spinal cord.
Background
Amyloid β (Aβ) precursor protein (APP) is a 100-140 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that exists as several isoforms. The amino acid sequence of APP contains the amyloid domain, which can be released by a two-step proteolytic cleavage. The extracellular deposition and accumulation of the released Aβ fragments form the main components of amyloid plaques, a major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (1). Neuronal nuclei (NeuN, Fox-3, RBFOX3) is a nuclear protein expressed in most post-mitotic neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems. NeuN is not detected in Purkinje cells, sympathetic ganglion cells, Cajal-Retzius cells, INL retinal cells, inferior olivary, or dentate nucleus neurons (2). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main intermediate filament in mature brain astroglial and radial glial cells and GFAP also plays an important role in modulating astroglial motility and shape (3). HS1 is a protein kinase substrate that is expressed only in tissues and cells of hematopoietic origin (4). Previous work identifying markers of specific brain cell types using RNA-seq has shown HS1 to be a useful and specific tool to study microglia (5). Synaptophysin (SYP) is a neuronal synaptic vesicle glycoprotein that occurs in presynaptic vesicles of neurons (6). Postsynaptic Density protein 95 (PSD95) is a member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family of proteins. PSD95 is a scaffolding protein involved in the assembly and function of the postsynaptic density complex (7,8). Caspase-3 (CPP-32, Apoptain, Yama, SCA-1) is a critical executioner of apoptosis, as it is either partially or totally responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many key proteins, including nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (9). PARP, a 116 kDa nuclear poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, appears to be involved in DNA repair in response to environmental stress (10). PARP helps cells to maintain their viability; cleavage of PARP facilitates cellular disassembly and serves as a marker of cells undergoing apoptosis (11).
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