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  3. Death Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II

Death Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II #29603

    Product Information

    Kit Usage Information

    Protocols

    Product Description

    The Death Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II provides an economical means to investigate members of the death receptor family. The kit includes enough antibody to perform two western blot experiments with each primary antibody.

    Background

    The tumor necrosis factor receptor family, which includes TNF-RI, TNF-R2, Fas, DR3, DR4, DR5, and DR6, plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis in various physiological systems (1,2). The receptors are activated by a family of cytokines that include TNF, FasL, TWEAK, and TRAIL. They are characterized by a highly conserved extracellular region containing cysteine-rich repeats and a conserved intracellular region of about 80 amino acids termed the death domain (DD). The DD is important for transducing the death signal by recruiting other DD containing adaptor proteins (FADD, TRADD, RIP) to the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) resulting in activation of caspases. The two receptors for TNF-α, TNF-R1 (55 kDa) and TNF-R2 (75 kDa) can mediate distinct cellular responses (3,4). In most cases cytotoxicity elicited by TNF has been reported to act through TNF-R1 (5,6). DR3/WSL-1/Apo-3/TRAMP/LARD is a TNFR family member containing the characteristic extracellular cysteine-repeats, transmembrane region, and an intracellular DD (7-11). DR3 is activated by its ligand Apo-3L/TWEAK to induce apoptosis and activation of NF-κB (12,13). Like TNF-R1, DR3 binds to the DD adaptor protein TRADD, which can then associate with other DD proteins like FADD and RIP as well as members of the TRAF family (7,8). Tissue expression of DR3 is very restricted, primarily seen on the surface of activated thymocytes and lymphocytes and plays an important role in thymocyte negative selection (7,8,14). Studies have also indicated an association with DR3 and rheumatoid arthritis (15,16). DR4 (TRAIL-RI, TNFRSF10A) and DR5 (TRAIL-R2, TNFRSF10B) are receptors for the cytokine TRAIL. Both receptors contain death domains that recruit DISC complexes triggering caspase activation and apoptosis (17-20). DR6, also known as TNFRSF21, is a TNFR family member able to induce apoptosis as well as activation of NF-κB and JNK (21). DR6 appears to play a critical role in the activation and differentiation of T and B lymphocytes (22,23). In the nervous system, β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) activates DR6 to trigger neuronal degeneration (24).
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    2. Thorburn, A. (2004) Cell Signal 16, 139-44.
    3. Tartaglia, L.A. et al. (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88, 9292-6.
    4. Peschon, J.J. et al. (1998) J Immunol 160, 943-52.
    5. Tartaglia, L.A. et al. (1993) Cell 73, 213-6.
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    10. Bodmer, J.L. et al. (1997) Immunity 6, 79-88.
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    12. Marsters, S.A. et al. (1998) Curr Biol 8, 525-8.
    13. Kaptein, A. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 485, 135-41.
    14. Wang, E.C. et al. (2001) Mol Cell Biol 21, 3451-61.
    15. Osawa, K. et al. (2004) Genes Immun 5, 439-43.
    16. Borysenko, C.W. et al. (2005) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 328, 794-9.
    17. Pan, G. et al. (1997) Science 276, 111-3.
    18. Walczak, H. et al. (1997) EMBO J 16, 5386-97.
    19. Chaudhary, P.M. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 821-30.
    20. Schneider, P. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 831-6.
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    22. Zhao, H. et al. (2001) J Exp Med 194, 1441-8.
    23. Schmidt, C.S. et al. (2003) J Exp Med 197, 51-62.
    24. Nikolaev, A. et al. (2009) Nature 457, 981-9.

    Database Links

    UniProt ID: P20333 , O00220 , P19438 , Q93038 , O75509 , P25445 , O14763


    Entrez-Gene Id: 7133 , 8797 , 7132 , 8718 , 27242 , 355 , 8795


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