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PDP - Template Name: Antibody Duet
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  1. Products /
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  3. PhosphoPlus® DNA-PKcs (Ser2056) Antibody Duet

PhosphoPlus® DNA-PKcs (Ser2056) Antibody Duet #74965

    Product Information

    Kit Usage Information

    Protocols

    Product Description

    PhosphoPlus® Duets from Cell Signaling Technology (CST) provide a means to assess protein activation status. Each Duet contains an activation-state and total protein antibody to your target of interest. These antibodies have been selected from CST's product offering based upon superior performance in specified applications.

    Background

    DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is an important factor in the repair of double-stranded breaks in DNA. Cells lacking DNA-PK or in which DNA-PK is inhibited fail to show proper nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) (1-7). DNA-PK is composed of two DNA-binding subunits (Ku70 and Ku86) and one 450 kDa catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) (8). It is thought that a heterodimer of Ku70 and Ku86 binds to double-stranded DNA broken ends before DNA-PKcs binds and is activated (1,9). Activated DNA-PKcs is a serine/threonine kinase that has been shown to phosphorylate a number of proteins in vitro, including p53, transcription factors, RNA polymerase, and Ku70/Ku86 (10,11). DNA-PKcs autophosphorylation at multiple sites, including Thr2609 and Ser2056, results in an inactivation of DNA-PK kinase activity and NHEJ ability (12,13). It has been demonstrated, however, that DNA-PK preferentially phosphorylates substrates before it autophosphorylates, suggesting that DNA-PK autophosphorylation may play a role in disassembly of the DNA repair machinery (14,15). Autophosphorylation at Thr2609 has also been shown to be required for DNA-PK-mediated double-strand break repair, and phosphorylated DNA-PK co-localizes with H2A.X and 53BP1 at sites of DNA damage (16). Phosphorylation at Ser2056 occurs in response to double-stranded DNA breaks and ATM activation (17).

    1. Gottlieb, T.M. and Jackson, S.P. (1993) Cell 72, 131-42.
    2. Hartley, K.O. et al. (1995) Cell 82, 849-56.
    3. Rosenzweig, K.E. et al. (1997) Clin Cancer Res 3, 1149-56.
    4. Jackson, S.P. and Jeggo, P.A. (1995) Trends Biochem Sci 20, 412-5.
    5. Roth, D.B. et al. (1995) Curr Biol 5, 496-9.
    6. Baumann, P. and West, S.C. (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, 14066-70.
    7. Chen, S. et al. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 24323-30.
    8. Jeggo, P.A. (1997) Mutat Res 384, 1-14.
    9. Suwa, A. et al. (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91, 6904-8.
    10. Anderson, C.W. and Lees-Miller, S.P. (1992) Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2, 283-314.
    11. Kuhn, A. et al. (1995) Genes Dev 9, 193-203.
    12. Chan, D.W. and Lees-Miller, S.P. (1996) J Biol Chem 271, 8936-41.
    13. Douglas, P. et al. (2002) Biochem. J. 368, 243-51.
    14. Lees-Miller, S.P. et al. (1992) Mol Cell Biol 12, 5041-9.
    15. Jackson, S.P. et al. (1990) Cell 63, 155-65.
    16. Chan, D.W. et al. (2002) Genes Dev 16, 2333-8.
    17. Yajima, H. et al. (2009) J Mol Biol 385, 800-10.

    Database Links

    UniProt ID: P78527


    Entrez-Gene Id: 5591


    Limited Uses

    Except as otherwise expressly agreed in a writing signed by a legally authorized representative of CST, the following terms apply to Products provided by CST, its affiliates or its distributors. Any Customer's terms and conditions that are in addition to, or different from, those contained herein, unless separately accepted in writing by a legally authorized representative of CST, are rejected and are of no force or effect.

    Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.

    For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
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