Mouse CD28 Activating (37.51) Hamster mAb (Low Endotoxin, Azide-free) #34596
Supporting Data
| REACTIVITY | M |
| SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
| MW (kDa) | |
| Source/Isotype | Hamster (syrian) IgG |
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- M-Mouse
Product Information
Product Description
| Endotoxin | Less than or equal to 0.01 EU/μg, as determined by the LaL assay. |
Formulation
Storage
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
Mouse CD28 Activating (37.51) Hamster mAb (Low Endotoxin, Azide-free) recognizes endogenous levels of CD28 protein.
Species Reactivity:
Mouse
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced against mouse T cell lymphoma EL4 cells and purified via affinity chromatography.
Background
CD28 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T cells as well as some other hematopoietic cells (1,2). T cell activation requires T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of antigen presented in the context of MHC molecules. CD28 acts as a T cell costimulatory receptor, and interaction of CD28 with its ligands CD80 or CD86 provides the second signal required for naïve T cell activation (3-5). Activation of naïve T cells in the absence of CD28 stimulation can result in a state of T cell anergy, or unresponsiveness (3). CD28 signals through cytoplasmic phospho-tyrosine motifs that bind several SH2 or SH3 domain-containing proteins involved in T cell activation (2). Recently, CD28 was demonstrated to be a preferred target of PD-1-mediated dephosphorylation. Consistently, CD28 expression was required for T cell proliferation following PD-1 blockade and CD28 stimulation was required for effective anti-PD-1 cancer immunotherapy in mice (6,7). Several CD28 isoforms are produced by alternative splicing (8).
- Aruffo, A. and Seed, B. (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84, 8573-7.
- Esensten, J.H. et al. (2016) Immunity 44, 973-88.
- Harding, F.A. et al. (1992) Nature 356, 607-9.
- Azuma, M. et al. (1993) Nature 366, 76-9.
- Linsley, P.S. et al. (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87, 5031-5.
- Hui, E. et al. (2017) Science 355, 1428-1433.
- Kamphorst, A.O. et al. (2017) Science 355, 1423-1427.
- Magistrelli, G. et al. (1999) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 259, 34-7.
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