Malonyl-Lysine [Mal-K] MultiMab® Rabbit mAb mix #14942
- WB
Supporting Data
| REACTIVITY | All |
| SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
| MW (kDa) | |
| Source/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
Application Key:
- WB-Western Blotting
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- All-All Species Expected
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
Malonyl-Lysine [Mal-K] MultiMab® Rabbit mAb mix recognizes endogenous levels of proteins only when malonylated at a lysine residue. This antibody does not cross-react with other lysine modifications.
Species Reactivity:
All Species Expected
Source / Purification
MultiMab® Rabbit mAb mixes are prepared by combining individual rabbit monoclonal clones in optimized ratios for the approved applications. Each antibody in the mix is carefully selected based on motif recognition and performance in multiple assays. Each mix is engineered to yield the broadest possible coverage of the modification being studied while ensuring a high degree of specificity for the modification or motif.
Background
Lysine is subject to a wide array of regulatory post-translational modifications due to its positively charged ε-amino group side chain. The most prevalent of these are ubiquitination and acetylation, which are highly conserved among prokaryotes and eukaryotes (1,2). Acyl group transfer from the metabolic intermediates acetyl-, succinyl-, malonyl-, glutaryl-, butyryl-, propionyl-, and crotonyl-CoA all neutralize lysine’s positive charge and confer structural alterations affecting substrate protein function. Lysine acetylation is catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases, HATs, using acetyl-CoA as a cofactor (3,4). Deacylation is mediated by histone deacetylases, HDACs 1-11, and NAD-dependent Sirtuins 1-7. Some sirtuins have little to no deacetylase activity, suggesting that they are better suited for other acyl lysine substrates (5).
SIRT5 is a predominantly mitochondrial desuccinylase and demalonylase (5,6). In the absence of a known malonyltransferase, nonenzymatic protein malonylation is likely driven by the concentration of malonyl-CoA and intracellular pH and is subject to metabolic fluctuations (7). Malonylation is especially prevalent among mitochondrial metabolic proteins. In type II diabetes mouse models, notably elevated malonylation can be detected mainly, but not exclusively, on proteins of glucose and fatty acid metabolism (8). Yeast histone H3K56 malonylation suggests poor DNA binding efficiency and may lead to reduced cell viability (9).
- Liu, Z. et al. (2014) Nucleic Acids Res 42, D531-6.
- Lee, S. (2013) Toxicol Res 29, 81-6.
- Lin, H. et al. (2012) ACS Chem Biol 7, 947-60.
- Zhang, Z. et al. (2011) Nat Chem Biol 7, 58-63.
- Du, J. et al. (2011) Science 334, 806-9.
- Peng, C. et al. (2011) Mol Cell Proteomics 10, M111.012658.
- Newman, J.C. et al. (2012) J Biol Chem 287, 42436-43.
- Du, Y. et al. (2015) Mol Cell Proteomics 14, 227-36.
- Xie, Z. et al. (2012) Mol Cell Proteomics 11, 100-7.
Limited Uses
Except as otherwise expressly agreed in a writing signed by a legally authorized representative of CST, the following terms apply to Products provided by CST, its affiliates or its distributors. Any Customer's terms and conditions that are in addition to, or different from, those contained herein, unless separately accepted in writing by a legally authorized representative of CST, are rejected and are of no force or effect.
Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.