p53 Antibodies

Target Information

a ubiquitous transcription factor and major tumor suppressor in many tumor types. Activation of p53 can lead to either cell cycle arrest and DNA repair or apoptosis. More than 50 percent of human tumors contain a mutation or deletion of the TP53 gene. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seems to have an effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. p53 is modified post-translationally at multiple sites. DNA damage induces phosphorylation at multiple sites, reducing its interaction with the oncoprotein MDM2. MDM2 inhibits p53 accumulation by targeting it for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation by many kinases including Chk2 and Chk1 enhances its tetramerization, stability and activity. The phosphorylation by CAK increases in human tumors and has been reported to influence the growth suppressor function, DNA binding and transcriptional activation of p53.The acetylation of p53 appears to play a positive role in the accumulation of p53 during the stress response. Following DNA damage, p53 becomes acetylated at K382, enhancing its binding to DNA. Deacetylation of p53 can occur through interaction with SIRT1, a deacetylase that may be involved in cellular aging and the DNA damage response. Nine human isoforms generated by alternative promoter usage or alternative splicing have been reported. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis. Isoforms are expressed in a wide range of normal tissues but in a tissue-dependent manner. Isoform 2 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in brain, lung, prostate, muscle, fetal brain, spinal cord and fetal liver. Isoform 3 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in lung, spleen, testis, fetal brain, spinal cord and fetal liver. Isoform 7 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in prostate, uterus, skeletal muscle and breast. Isoform 8 is detected only in colon, bone marrow, testis, fetal brain and intestine. Isoform 9 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in brain, heart, lung, fetal liver, salivary gland, breast or intestine. Belongs to the p53 family. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.

Alternate Names

Antigen NY-CO-13; bbl; BCC7; bfy; bhy; BMFS5; Cellular tumor antigen p53; FLJ92943; LFS1; ME-delta123p53; mutant p53; mutant tumor protein 53; p44; P53; p53 antigen; p53 cellular tumor antigen; p53 transformation suppressor; p53 tumor suppressor; Phosphoprotein p53; RP23-56I20.1; TP53; Tp53; transformation related protein 53; transformation-related protein 53; TRP53; Trp53; tumor protein 53; tumor protein p53; Tumor suppressor p53; tumor supressor p53