PhosphoPlus® Optineurin (Ser177) Antibody Duet #63617
Product Information
Kit Usage Information
Protocols
Product Description
Background
Optineurin is a signaling protein involved in maintenance of the Golgi complex, membrane trafficking, NF-κB, and interferon signaling. Mutations in the gene encoding optineurin have been associated with human diseases including glaucoma, Paget disease of bone, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1-2). Optineurin is thought to contribute to these pathologies through regulation of inflammatory signaling, autophagy, and mitophagy (1, 3). The NF-κB-activating kinase/TANK-binding kinase 1 (NAK/TBK1) phosphorylates optineurin at serine 177, regulating optineurin’s role in autophagy and mitophagy (4-6). The tumor suppressor HACE1 ubiquitylates optineurin, promoting the interaction of optineurin with the autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 (7).
Phosphorylation of optineurin at serine 177 by TBK1 enhances binding to LC3 and promotes autophagic clearance (8). Additional studies also suggest that serine 177 is phosphorylated during mitosis by PLK1 (9). In addition to serine 177, TBK1 also phosphorylates optineurin at serine 473 and 513, which can enhance its binding to ubiquitin chains and promote mitophagy (5,6).
- Ying, H. and Yue, B.Y. (2016) Exp Eye Res 144, 73-80.
- Slowicka, K. et al. (2016) Trends Immunol 37, 621-33.
- Markovinovic, A. et al. (2017) Prog Neurobiol 154, 1-20.
- Moore, A.S. and Holzbaur, E.L. (2016) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113, E3349-58.
- Richter, B. et al. (2016) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113, 4039-44.
- Heo, J.M. et al. (2015) Mol Cell 60, 7-20.
- Liu, Z. et al. (2014) Cancer Cell 26, 106-20.
- Wild, P. et al. (2011) Science 333, 228-33.
- Kachaner, D. et al. (2012) Mol Cell 45, 553-66.
Limited Uses
Except as otherwise expressly agreed in a writing signed by a legally authorized representative of CST, the following terms apply to Products provided by CST, its affiliates or its distributors. Any Customer's terms and conditions that are in addition to, or different from, those contained herein, unless separately accepted in writing by a legally authorized representative of CST, are rejected and are of no force or effect.
Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.