Toll-like Receptor 4 (D8L5W) Rabbit mAb #14358
- WB
Supporting Data
| REACTIVITY | M |
| SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
| MW (kDa) | 100-135 |
| Source/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
Application Key:
- WB-Western Blotting
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- M-Mouse
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
Toll-like Receptor 4 (D8L5W) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total Toll-like receptor 4 protein.
Species Reactivity:
Mouse
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with recombinant mouse Toll-like receptor 4 protein.
Background
Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-4). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses (5-7). Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes (4). The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain (1). Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains, including myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein (MAL/TIRAP), Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF), and Toll-receptor-associated molecule (TRAM) (8-10). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK (8,11-14). Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB, which normally maintains NF-κB in an inactive state by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.
TLR4 functions in association with MD-2 in the recognition and initiation of immune responses elicited by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria (4-8). TLR4 triggers the activation of NF-κB, IRF-3, and MAPK pathways leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines (9).
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- Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
- Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
- Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
- Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
- Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
- Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
- Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
- Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
- Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
- Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
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