Cell Signaling Technology Logo - Extra Large
Trial Size Available Flag
Recombinant Flag
Recombinant: Superior lot-to-lot consistency, continuous supply, and animal-free manufacturing.

VGLL4 (F5U7N) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody #60429

Filter:
  • WB
  • IP
  • IHC
  • IF

    Product Specifications

    REACTIVITY H M R Mk
    SENSITIVITY Endogenous
    MW (kDa) 31
    Source/Isotype Rabbit IgG
    Application Key:
    • WB-Western Blotting 
    • IP-Immunoprecipitation 
    • IHC-Immunohistochemistry 
    • IF-Immunofluorescence 
    Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
    • H-Human 
    • M-Mouse 
    • R-Rat 
    • Mk-Monkey 

    Product Information

    Product Usage Information

    Application Dilution
    Western Blotting 1:1000
    Immunoprecipitation 1:200
    Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) 1:200 - 1:800
    Immunofluorescence (Frozen) 1:2000 - 1:8000
    Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry) 1:200 - 1:800

    Storage

    Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/mL BSA, 50% glycerol, and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.

    Protocol

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    VGLL4 (F5U7N) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total VGLL4 protein. Nonspecific staining was observed in human and mouse peripheral nerves and in mouse pancreatic islets. This antibody does not cross-react with other VGLL proteins.

    Species Reactivity:

    Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human VGLL4 protein.

    Background

    TEA domain (TEAD) family proteins function as transcriptional cofactors that interact with nuclear-localized YAP/TAZ to drive expression of cell proliferation and apoptosis genes downstream of Hippo pathway inactivation (1). An additional layer of Hippo pathway control is exerted by the mammalian vestigial-like (VGLL) proteins, a family of transcriptional cofactors that are orthologs of the D. melanogaster protein vestigial (2). VGLL1-4 all contain at least one conserved Tondu motif (TDU) that is crucial for binding TEAD family proteins (2,3). VGLL proteins function as YAP/TAZ antagonists by competitively excluding YAP/TAZ from TEAD transcriptional complexes. Transcription cofactor VGLL protein 4 (VGLL4), which has broad tissue expression and uniquely contains two C-terminal TDU sequences, functions as a tumor suppressor in a variety of contexts by silencing YAP/TAZ signaling; it has been well characterized as a mediator of differentiation in normal tissues, including heart, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and bone (3-7). In colorectal cancer (CRC), VGLL4 expression is negatively correlated with YAP and its target gene CTGF, and VGLL4 overexpression can blunt CRC tumor growth (8). In mutant Merlin meningiomas, high YAP/CTGF expression is observed in benign tumors, while high VGLL4, FAT3, and FAT4 expression suppresses YAP/CTGF activity and expression in high-grade tumors (9). YAP/TEAD inhibitors have emerged as novel reagents for modulating the Hippo-YAP-TEAD pathway, and a subset of small-molecule inhibitors functions as molecular glue enhancers of the TEAD-VGLL4 complex (10).

    Alternate Names

    KIAA0121; Transcription cofactor vestigial-like protein 4; vestigial like 4; vestigial like 4 (Drosophila); vestigial like family member 4; Vestigial-like 4; Vgl-4; VGLL4

    For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.
    Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Visit our Trademark Information page.