NALP1 Antibodies

Target Information

As the sensor component of the NLRP1 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP1, CASP1, and possibly PYCARD. Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1-catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu. Activation of NLRP1 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion. The active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes can also induce pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. May be activated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, in a NOD2-dependent manner. Contrary to its mouse ortholog, not activated by Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin. It is unclear whether isoform 2 is involved in inflammasome formation. It is not cleaved within the FIIND domain, does not assemble into specks, nor promote IL1B release. However, in an vitro cell-free system, it has been shown to be activated by MDP. Binds ATP. Belongs to the NLRP family. Widely expressed (PubMed:11113115, PubMed:17164409). Abundantly expressed in primary immune cells (isoform 1 and isoform 2), including in neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells (mostly Langerhans cells), and B- and T-lymphocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:15285719, PubMed:17164409). Strongly expressed in epithelial cells lining the glandular epithelium, such as that of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, small intestine, colon), the respiratory tract (trachea and bronchi), and the endometrial and endocervical glands, gallbladder, prostate, and breast (at protein level). In testis, expressed in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes, but not in Sertoli cells (at protein level). In the brain, expressed in neurons, in particular in pyramidal ones and in oligodendrocytes, but not detected in microglia (at protein level) (PubMed:17164409). Expressed in adult and fetal ocular tissues, including in adult and 24-week old fetal choroid, sclera, cornea, and optic nerve, as well as in adult retina and fetal retina/retinal pigment epithelium (PubMed:23349227). Highly expressed in the skin throughout the epidermis and in dermal fibroblasts, in both glabrous skin and plantar skin. It is detected in keratinocytes, but not in melanocytes. Expressed in epidermal appendages such as hair follicles (PubMed:27662089). 7 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.

Alternate Names

AIADK; CARD7; caspase recruitment domain protein 7; Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 7; CIDED; CLR17.1; Death effector filament-forming ced-4-like apoptosis protein; DEFCAP; DEFCAP-L/S; DKFZp586O1822; JRRP; KIAA0926; MSPC; NAC; NACHT, leucine rich repeat and PYD (pyrin domain) containing 1; NACHT, leucine rich repeat and PYD containing 1; NACHT, LRR and PYD containing protein 1; NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1; NALP1; NLR family pyrin domain containing 1; NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1; NLRP1; Nucleotide-binding domain and caspase recruitment domain; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain containing 1; PP1044; SLEV1; VAMAS1