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The NDRG1 target has 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing (see Q92597). Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are missing amino acids 1-66 and amino acids 1-81, respectively. Depending on the species and cell line/tissue, each of the isoforms could be expressed at varying levels. Different treatments can also lead to varying amounts of isoform expression.
The respective antigens for NDRG1 (D8G9) XP® Rabbit mAb #9485, NDRG1 (D10F8) Rabbit mAb #9395, and NDRG1 Antibody #5196 correspond to residues in the carboxy terminus of human NDRG1 protein. Therefore, #9485, #9395, and #5196 can detect all 3 isoforms, leading to the observation of multiple bands. The antigen for NDRG1 (D6C2) Rabbit mAb #9408, on the other hand, corresponds to residues near the amino terminus and this antibody can only detect isoform 1.
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NRF2 can be a tricky protein to work with. Under basal conditions, the protein is marked for ubiquitin-mediated degradation in the cytoplasm and is therefore difficult to capture in the cell lysate. In order to detect this target in cell lysates, we typically treat the cells with a compound or chemical modulator to prevent the degradation of NRF2. For QC purposes, we treat cells with MG-132, #2194, a proteasome inhibitor, which helps prevent degradation and allows for accumulation of NRF2 within the cell.